[a26951e] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="pre-why">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="package-choices.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <title>Rationale for Packages in the Book</title>
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| 12 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 13 | <para>As stated earlier, the goal of LFS is to build a complete and usable
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| 14 | foundation-level system. This includes all packages needed to replicate
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[c6d5b092] | 15 | itself while providing a relatively minimal base from which to customize
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[a26951e] | 16 | a more complete system based on the choices of the user. This does not
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| 17 | mean that LFS is the smallest system possible. Several important packages
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| 18 | are included that are not strictly required. The lists below document the
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| 19 | rationale for each package in the book.</para>
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| 20 |
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| 21 | <itemizedlist>
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| 22 |
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[fbee88e] | 23 | <listitem>
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| 24 | <para>Attr</para>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <para>This package contains programs for working with extended
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[0a56911] | 27 | attributes on filesystem objects. It is required by the libcap
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[fbee88e] | 28 | library.</para>
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| 29 | </listitem>
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| 30 |
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[a26951e] | 31 | <listitem>
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| 32 | <para>Autoconf</para>
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| 33 |
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| 34 | <para>This package contains programs for producing shell scripts that
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| 35 | can automatically configure source code from a developer's
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| 36 | template. It is often needed to rebuild a package after updates
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| 37 | to the build procedures.</para>
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| 38 | </listitem>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | <listitem>
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| 41 | <para>Automake</para>
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| 42 |
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| 43 | <para>This package contains programs for generating Make files from
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| 44 | a template. It is often needed to rebuild a package after updates
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| 45 | to the build procedures.</para>
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| 46 | </listitem>
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| 47 |
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| 48 | <listitem>
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| 49 | <para>Bash</para>
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| 50 |
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| 51 | <para>This package satisfies an LSB core requirement to provide
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| 52 | a Bourne Shell interface to the system. It was chosen over
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| 53 | other shell packages because of its common usage and extensive
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[1c72dda] | 54 | capabilities beyond basic shell functions.</para>
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[a26951e] | 55 | </listitem>
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| 56 |
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| 57 | <listitem>
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| 58 | <para>Binutils</para>
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| 59 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 60 | <para>This package contains a linker, an assembler, and other
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[1c72dda] | 61 | tools for handling object files. The programs in this package are
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| 62 | needed to compile most of the packages in an LFS system and beyond.</para>
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[a26951e] | 63 | </listitem>
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| 64 |
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| 65 | <listitem>
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| 66 | <para>Bison</para>
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| 67 |
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| 68 | <para>This package contains the GNU version of yacc (Yet Another
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[1c72dda] | 69 | Compiler Compiler) needed to build several other LFS programs.</para>
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[a26951e] | 70 | </listitem>
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| 71 |
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| 72 | <listitem>
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| 73 | <para>Bzip2</para>
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| 74 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 75 | <para>This package contains programs for compressing and decompressing
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[a26951e] | 76 | files. It is required to decompress many LFS packages.</para>
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| 77 | </listitem>
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| 78 |
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[5870a98] | 79 | <listitem>
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| 80 | <para>Check</para>
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| 81 |
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| 82 | <para>This package contains a test harness for other programs.
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| 83 | It is only installed in the temporary toolchain.</para>
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| 84 | </listitem>
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| 85 |
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[a26951e] | 86 | <listitem>
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| 87 | <para>Coreutils</para>
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| 88 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 89 | <para>This package contains a number of essential programs for viewing
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[1c72dda] | 90 | and manipulating files and directories. These programs are needed for
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| 91 | command line file management, and are necessary for the installation
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| 92 | procedures of every package in LFS.</para>
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[a26951e] | 93 | </listitem>
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| 94 |
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[afe61bc] | 95 | <listitem>
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| 96 | <para>D-Bus</para>
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| 97 |
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| 98 | <para>D-Bus is a message bus system, a simple way for applications to
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| 99 | communicate with one another; it is required by Systemd.</para>
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| 100 | </listitem>
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| 101 |
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[a26951e] | 102 | <listitem>
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| 103 | <para>DejaGNU</para>
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| 104 |
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| 105 | <para>This package contains a framework for testing other programs.
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| 106 | It is only installed in the temporary toolchain.</para>
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| 107 | </listitem>
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| 108 |
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| 109 | <listitem>
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| 110 | <para>Diffutils</para>
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| 111 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 112 | <para>This package contains programs that show the differences
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[1c72dda] | 113 | between files or directories. These programs can be used to create
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| 114 | patches, and are also used in many packages' build procedures.</para>
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[a26951e] | 115 | </listitem>
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| 116 |
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[fbee88e] | 117 | <listitem>
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| 118 | <para>E2fsprogs</para>
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| 119 |
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| 120 | <para>This package contains the utilities for handling the ext2, ext3
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| 121 | and ext4 file systems. These are the most common and thoroughly
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| 122 | tested file systems that Linux supports.</para>
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| 123 | </listitem>
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| 124 |
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| 125 | <listitem>
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| 126 | <para>Expat</para>
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| 127 |
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| 128 | <para>This package contains a relatively small XML parsing library. It
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| 129 | is required by the XML::Parser Perl module.</para>
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| 130 | </listitem>
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| 131 |
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[a26951e] | 132 | <listitem>
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| 133 | <para>Expect</para>
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| 134 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 135 | <para>This package contains a program for carrying out scripted
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[a26951e] | 136 | dialogues with other interactive programs. It is commonly used
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[ce5ebe1] | 137 | for testing other packages. It is only installed in the temporary
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[a26951e] | 138 | toolchain.</para>
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| 139 | </listitem>
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| 140 |
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| 141 | <listitem>
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| 142 | <para>File</para>
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| 143 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 144 | <para>This package contains a utility for determining the type of a
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[1c72dda] | 145 | given file or files. A few packages need it to build.</para>
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[a26951e] | 146 | </listitem>
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| 147 |
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| 148 | <listitem>
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| 149 | <para>Findutils</para>
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| 150 |
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[1c72dda] | 151 | <para>This package contains programs to find files in a file system.
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| 152 | It is used in many packages' build scripts.</para>
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[a26951e] | 153 | </listitem>
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| 154 |
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| 155 | <listitem>
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| 156 | <para>Flex</para>
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| 157 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 158 | <para>This package contains a utility for generating programs that
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| 159 | recognize patterns in text. It is the GNU version of the lex
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| 160 | (lexical analyzer) program. It is required to build several
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[1c72dda] | 161 | LFS packages.</para>
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[a26951e] | 162 | </listitem>
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| 163 |
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| 164 | <listitem>
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| 165 | <para>Gawk</para>
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| 166 |
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| 167 | <para>This package contains programs for manipulating text files.
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[1c72dda] | 168 | It is the GNU version of awk (Aho-Weinberg-Kernighan). It is used in
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| 169 | many other packages' build scripts.</para>
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[a26951e] | 170 | </listitem>
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| 171 |
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| 172 | <listitem>
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| 173 | <para>Gcc</para>
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| 174 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 175 | <para>This package is the Gnu Compiler Collection. It contains the
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| 176 | C and C++ compilers as well as several others not built by LFS.
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[a26951e] | 177 | </para>
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| 178 | </listitem>
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| 179 |
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| 180 | <listitem>
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| 181 | <para>GDBM</para>
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| 182 |
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| 183 | <para>This package contains the GNU Database Manager library. It
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[1c72dda] | 184 | is used by one other LFS package, Man-DB.</para>
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[a26951e] | 185 | </listitem>
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| 186 |
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| 187 | <listitem>
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| 188 | <para>Gettext</para>
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| 189 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 190 | <para>This package contains utilities and libraries for
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[1c72dda] | 191 | internationalization and localization of numerous packages.</para>
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[a26951e] | 192 | </listitem>
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| 193 |
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| 194 | <listitem>
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| 195 | <para>Glibc</para>
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| 196 |
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| 197 | <para>This package contains the main C library. Linux programs would
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[1c72dda] | 198 | not run without it.</para>
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[a26951e] | 199 | </listitem>
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| 200 |
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| 201 | <listitem>
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| 202 | <para>GMP</para>
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| 203 |
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[9ec9c03] | 204 | <para>This package contains math libraries that provide useful functions
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| 205 | for arbitrary precision arithmetic. It is required to build Gcc.</para>
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[a26951e] | 206 | </listitem>
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| 207 |
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[fbee88e] | 208 | <listitem>
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| 209 | <para>Gperf</para>
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| 210 |
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| 211 | <para>This package generates a perfect hash from a key set; it is
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| 212 | required by Systemd.</para>
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| 213 | </listitem>
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| 214 |
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[a26951e] | 215 | <listitem>
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| 216 | <para>Grep</para>
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| 217 |
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[1c72dda] | 218 | <para>This package contains programs for searching through files. These
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| 219 | programs are used by most packages' build scripts.</para>
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[a26951e] | 220 | </listitem>
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| 221 |
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| 222 | <listitem>
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| 223 | <para>Groff</para>
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| 224 |
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| 225 | <para>This package contains programs for processing and formatting text.
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[1c72dda] | 226 | One important function of these programs is to format man pages.</para>
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[a26951e] | 227 | </listitem>
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| 228 |
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| 229 | <listitem>
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| 230 | <para>GRUB</para>
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| 231 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 232 | <para>This package is the Grand Unified Boot Loader. It is one
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[a26951e] | 233 | of several boot loaders available, but is the most flexible.
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| 234 | </para>
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| 235 | </listitem>
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| 236 |
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| 237 | <listitem>
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| 238 | <para>Gzip</para>
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| 239 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 240 | <para>This package contains programs for compressing and
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[1c72dda] | 241 | decompressing files. It is needed to decompress many packages in LFS
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| 242 | and beyond.</para>
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[a26951e] | 243 | </listitem>
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| 244 |
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| 245 | <listitem>
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| 246 | <para>Iana-etc</para>
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| 247 |
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| 248 | <para>This package provides data for network services and protocols.
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[1c72dda] | 249 | It is needed to enable proper networking capabilities.</para>
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[a26951e] | 250 | </listitem>
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| 251 |
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| 252 | <listitem>
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| 253 | <para>Inetutils</para>
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| 254 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 255 | <para>This package contains programs for basic network
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[1c72dda] | 256 | administration.</para>
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[a26951e] | 257 | </listitem>
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| 258 |
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[fbee88e] | 259 | <listitem>
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| 260 | <para>Intltool</para>
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| 261 |
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| 262 | <para>This package contains internationalization tools; it is required
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| 263 | by Systemd.</para>
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| 264 | </listitem>
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| 265 |
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[a26951e] | 266 | <listitem>
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| 267 | <para>IProute2</para>
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| 268 |
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| 269 | <para>This package contains programs for basic and advanced IPv4 and
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| 270 | IPv6 networking. It was chosen over the other common network
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| 271 | tools package (net-tools) for its IPv6 capabilities. </para>
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| 272 | </listitem>
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| 273 |
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| 274 | <listitem>
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| 275 | <para>Kbd</para>
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| 276 |
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[1c72dda] | 277 | <para>This package contains key-table files, keyboard utilities
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| 278 | for non-US keyboards, and a number of console fonts.</para>
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[a26951e] | 279 | </listitem>
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| 280 |
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[46b7d91] | 281 | <listitem>
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| 282 | <para>Kmod</para>
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| 283 |
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| 284 | <para>This package contains programs needed to administer Linux
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| 285 | kernel modules.</para>
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| 286 | </listitem>
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| 287 |
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[a26951e] | 288 | <listitem>
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| 289 | <para>Less</para>
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| 290 |
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| 291 | <para>This package contains a very nice text file viewer that
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[1c72dda] | 292 | allows scrolling up or down when viewing a file. It is also used by
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| 293 | Man-DB for viewing manpages.</para>
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[a26951e] | 294 | </listitem>
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| 295 |
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[fbee88e] | 296 | <listitem>
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[c97d81d] | 297 | <para>Libcap</para>
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[fbee88e] | 298 |
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| 299 | <para>This package contains functions that enable root privileges to be
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| 300 | partitioned into a set of distinct privileges. It is required by
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| 301 | Systemd.</para>
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| 302 | </listitem>
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| 303 |
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| 304 | <listitem>
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| 305 | <para>Libpipeline</para>
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| 306 |
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| 307 | <para>The Libpipeline package contains a library for manipulating
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| 308 | pipelines of subprocesses in a flexible and convenient way. It is
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| 309 | required by the Man-DB package.</para>
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| 310 | </listitem>
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| 311 |
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[a26951e] | 312 | <listitem>
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| 313 | <para>Libtool</para>
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| 314 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 315 | <para>This package contains the GNU generic library support
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| 316 | script. It wraps the complexity of using shared libraries in a
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[a26951e] | 317 | consistent, portable interface. It is needed by the test
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[1c72dda] | 318 | suites in other LFS packages.</para>
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[a26951e] | 319 | </listitem>
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| 320 |
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| 321 | <listitem>
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| 322 | <para>Linux Kernel</para>
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| 323 |
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| 324 | <para>This package is the Operating System. It is the Linux in
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[1c72dda] | 325 | the GNU/Linux environment.</para>
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[a26951e] | 326 | </listitem>
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| 327 |
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| 328 | <listitem>
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| 329 | <para>M4</para>
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| 330 |
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| 331 | <para>This package contains a general text macro processor useful
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[1c72dda] | 332 | as a build tool for other programs.</para>
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[a26951e] | 333 | </listitem>
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| 334 |
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| 335 | <listitem>
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| 336 | <para>Make</para>
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| 337 |
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| 338 | <para>This package contains a program for directing the building
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[1c72dda] | 339 | of packages. It is required by almost every package in LFS.</para>
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[a26951e] | 340 | </listitem>
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| 341 |
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| 342 | <listitem>
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| 343 | <para>Man-DB</para>
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| 344 |
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| 345 | <para>This package contains programs for finding and viewing man pages.
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| 346 | It was chosen instead of the <application>man</application> package
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| 347 | due to superior internationalization capabilities. It supplies
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[1c72dda] | 348 | the man program.</para>
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[a26951e] | 349 | </listitem>
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| 350 |
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| 351 | <listitem>
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| 352 | <para>Man-pages</para>
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| 353 |
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| 354 | <para>This package contains the actual contents of the basic
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[1c72dda] | 355 | Linux man pages.</para>
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[a26951e] | 356 | </listitem>
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| 357 |
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[1c72dda] | 358 | <listitem>
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| 359 | <para>MPC</para>
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| 360 |
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| 361 | <para>This package contains functions for the arithmetic of complex
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| 362 | numbers. It is required by Gcc.</para>
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| 363 | </listitem>
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| 364 |
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[a26951e] | 365 | <listitem>
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| 366 | <para>MPFR</para>
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| 367 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 368 | <para>This package contains functions for multiple precision
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[1c72dda] | 369 | arithmetic. It is required by Gcc.</para>
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[a26951e] | 370 | </listitem>
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| 371 |
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| 372 | <listitem>
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| 373 | <para>Ncurses</para>
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| 374 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 375 | <para>This package contains libraries for terminal-independent
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| 376 | handling of character screens. It is often used to provide
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[1c72dda] | 377 | cursor control for a menuing system. It is needed by a number of
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| 378 | packages in LFS.</para>
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[a26951e] | 379 | </listitem>
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| 380 |
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| 381 | <listitem>
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| 382 | <para>Patch</para>
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| 383 |
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[12c82b50] | 384 | <para>This package contains a program for modifying or creating files by
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[ce5ebe1] | 385 | applying a <emphasis>patch</emphasis> file typically created
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[a26951e] | 386 | by the <application>diff</application> program. It is needed by
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[1c72dda] | 387 | the build procedure for several LFS packages.</para>
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[a26951e] | 388 | </listitem>
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[5b62b8d] | 389 |
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[a26951e] | 390 | <listitem>
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| 391 | <para>Perl</para>
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| 392 |
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| 393 | <para>This package is an interpreter for the runtime language
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[0ebe029b] | 394 | PERL. It is needed for the installation and test suites of several LFS
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[1c72dda] | 395 | packages.</para>
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[a26951e] | 396 | </listitem>
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| 397 |
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[450e682e] | 398 | <listitem>
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| 399 | <para>Pkg-config</para>
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| 400 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 401 | <para>This package provides a program to return meta-data about an
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[450e682e] | 402 | installed library or package.</para>
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| 403 | </listitem>
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| 404 |
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| 405 | <listitem>
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[fbee88e] | 406 | <para>Procps-NG</para>
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[a26951e] | 407 |
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[1c72dda] | 408 | <para>This package contains programs for monitoring processes. These
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| 409 | programs are useful for system administration, and are also used by
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| 410 | the LFS Bootscripts.</para>
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[a26951e] | 411 | </listitem>
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| 412 |
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| 413 | <listitem>
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| 414 | <para>Psmisc</para>
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| 415 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 416 | <para>This package contains programs for displaying information
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[1c72dda] | 417 | about running processes. These programs are useful for system
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| 418 | administration.</para>
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[a26951e] | 419 | </listitem>
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| 420 |
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| 421 | <listitem>
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| 422 | <para>Readline</para>
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| 423 |
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[ce5ebe1] | 424 | <para>This package is a set of libraries that offers command-line
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[1c72dda] | 425 | editing and history capabilities. It is used by Bash.</para>
|
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[a26951e] | 426 | </listitem>
|
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| 427 |
|
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| 428 | <listitem>
|
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| 429 | <para>Sed</para>
|
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| 430 |
|
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[ce5ebe1] | 431 | <para>This package allows editing of text without opening it in a
|
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| 432 | text editor. It is also needed by most LFS packages' configure
|
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[1c72dda] | 433 | scripts.</para>
|
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[a26951e] | 434 | </listitem>
|
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| 435 |
|
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| 436 | <listitem>
|
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| 437 | <para>Shadow</para>
|
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| 438 |
|
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[ce5ebe1] | 439 | <para>This package contains programs for handling passwords
|
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[a26951e] | 440 | in a secure way.</para>
|
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| 441 | </listitem>
|
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| 442 |
|
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| 443 | <listitem>
|
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[0a56911] | 444 | <para>Systemd</para>
|
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[a26951e] | 445 |
|
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[0a56911] | 446 | <para>This package contains programs for controlling the startup,
|
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| 447 | running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
|
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[a26951e] | 448 | </listitem>
|
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| 449 |
|
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| 450 | <listitem>
|
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[0a56911] | 451 | <para>Sysvinit</para>
|
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[a26951e] | 452 |
|
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[0a56911] | 453 | <para>This package provides misc. utils needed by some packages.</para>
|
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[a26951e] | 454 | </listitem>
|
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| 455 |
|
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| 456 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 457 | <para>Tar</para>
|
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| 458 |
|
---|
| 459 | <para>This package provides archiving and extraction capabilities
|
---|
[1c72dda] | 460 | of virtually all packages used in LFS.</para>
|
---|
[a26951e] | 461 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 462 |
|
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| 463 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 464 | <para>Tcl</para>
|
---|
| 465 |
|
---|
| 466 | <para>This package contains the Tool Command Language used
|
---|
[ce5ebe1] | 467 | in many test suites in LFS packages. It is only installed in
|
---|
[1c72dda] | 468 | the temporary toolchain.</para>
|
---|
[a26951e] | 469 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 470 |
|
---|
| 471 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 472 | <para>Texinfo</para>
|
---|
| 473 |
|
---|
[ce5ebe1] | 474 | <para>This package contains programs for reading, writing, and
|
---|
| 475 | converting info pages. It is used in the installation
|
---|
[1c72dda] | 476 | procedures of many LFS packages.</para>
|
---|
[a26951e] | 477 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 478 |
|
---|
| 479 | <listitem>
|
---|
[e1428f3] | 480 | <para>Util-linux</para>
|
---|
[a26951e] | 481 |
|
---|
[ce5ebe1] | 482 | <para>This package contains miscellaneous utility programs.
|
---|
| 483 | Among them are utilities for handling file systems, consoles,
|
---|
[1c72dda] | 484 | partitions, and messages.</para>
|
---|
[a26951e] | 485 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 486 |
|
---|
| 487 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 488 | <para>Vim</para>
|
---|
| 489 |
|
---|
[c6d5b092] | 490 | <para>This package contains an editor. It was chosen because of its
|
---|
| 491 | compatibility with the classic vi editor and its huge number of powerful
|
---|
[a26951e] | 492 | capabilities. An editor is a very personal choice for
|
---|
[1c72dda] | 493 | many users and any other editor could be substituted if desired.</para>
|
---|
[a26951e] | 494 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 495 |
|
---|
[fbee88e] | 496 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 497 | <para>XML::Parser</para>
|
---|
| 498 |
|
---|
| 499 | <para>This package contains an XML Parsing library for Perl. It is
|
---|
| 500 | required by the Intltool package.</para>
|
---|
| 501 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 502 |
|
---|
[7002213] | 503 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 504 | <para>XZ Utils</para>
|
---|
| 505 |
|
---|
[ce5ebe1] | 506 | <para>This package contains programs for compressing and decompressing
|
---|
[7002213] | 507 | files. It provides the highest compression generally available
|
---|
[5a58876] | 508 | and is useful for decompressing packages XZ or LZMA format.</para>
|
---|
[7002213] | 509 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 510 |
|
---|
[a26951e] | 511 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 512 | <para>Zlib</para>
|
---|
| 513 |
|
---|
[ce5ebe1] | 514 | <para>This package contains compression and decompression routines
|
---|
[1c72dda] | 515 | used by some programs.</para>
|
---|
[a26951e] | 516 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 517 |
|
---|
| 518 | </itemizedlist>
|
---|
| 519 |
|
---|
| 520 | </sect1>
|
---|
| 521 |
|
---|