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chapter02/creatingpartition.xml
r835e40c r7160772 105 105 106 106 <sect3> 107 <title>The Grub Bios Partition</title>108 109 <para>If the <emphasis>boot disk</emphasis> has been partitioned with a110 GUID Partition Table (GPT), then a small, typically 1 MB, partition must be111 created if it does not already exist. This partition is not formatted, but112 must be available for GRUB to use during installation of the boot113 loader. This partition will normally be labeled 'BIOS Boot' if using114 <command>fdisk</command> or have a code of <emphasis>EF02</emphasis> if115 using the <command>gdisk</command> command.</para>116 117 <note><para>The Grub Bios partition must be on the drive that the BIOS118 uses to boot the system. This is not necessarily the drive that holds119 the LFS root partition. The disks on a system may use different120 partition table types. The necessity of the Grub Bios partition depends121 only on the partition table type of the boot disk.</para></note>122 </sect3>123 124 <sect3>125 107 <title>Convenience Partitions</title> 126 108 -
chapter04/addinguser.xml
r835e40c r7160772 81 81 <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> the owner:</para> 82 82 83 <screen><userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/{usr{,/*},lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools} 84 case $(uname -m) in 85 x86_64) chown -v lfs $LFS/lib64 ;; 86 esac</userinput></screen> 83 <screen><userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/{usr{,/*},lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools}</userinput></screen> 87 84 88 85 <note><para>In some host systems, the following <command>su</command> command does not complete -
chapter04/creatingminlayout.xml
r835e40c r7160772 26 26 for i in bin lib sbin; do 27 27 ln -sv usr/$i $LFS/$i 28 done 29 30 case $(uname -m) in 31 x86_64) mkdir -pv $LFS/lib64 ;; 32 esac</userinput></screen> 28 done</userinput></screen> 33 29 34 30 <para>Programs in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> will be compiled -
chapter05/gcc-pass1.xml
r835e40c r7160772 63 63 mv -v mpc-&mpc-version; mpc</userinput></screen> 64 64 65 <para>On x86_64 hosts, set the default directory name for65 <para>On ARM64 hosts, set the default directory name for 66 66 64-bit libraries to <quote>lib</quote>:</para> 67 67 68 <screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in 69 x86_64) 70 sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' \ 71 -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64 72 ;; 73 esac</userinput></screen> 68 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e '/lp64=/s/lib64/lib/' \ 69 -i.orig gcc/config/aarch64/t-aarch64-linux</userinput></screen> 74 70 75 71 <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC … … 160 156 <term><parameter>--disable-multilib</parameter></term> 161 157 <listitem> 162 <para>On x86_64, LFS does not support a multilib configuration. 163 This switch is harmless for x86.</para> 158 <para>On ARM64, LFS does not support a multilib configuration.</para> 164 159 </listitem> 165 160 </varlistentry> -
chapter05/glibc.xml
r835e40c r7160772 43 43 <sect2 role="installation"> 44 44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title> 45 46 <para>First, create a symbolic link for LSB compliance. Additionally,47 for x86_64, create a compatibility symbolic link required for proper48 operation of the dynamic library loader:</para>49 50 <screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in51 i?86) ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 $LFS/lib/ld-lsb.so.352 ;;53 x86_64) ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 $LFS/lib6454 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 $LFS/lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.355 ;;56 esac</userinput></screen>57 58 <note>59 <para>60 The above command is correct. The <command>ln</command> command has61 several syntactic versions, so be sure to check62 <command>info coreutils ln</command> and <filename>ln(1)</filename>63 before reporting what may appear to be an error.64 </para>65 </note>66 45 67 46 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS-compliant … … 202 181 and the output of the last command will be of the form:</para> 203 182 204 <screen><computeroutput>[Requesting program interpreter: /lib 64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]</computeroutput></screen>205 206 <para>Note that for 32-bitmachines, the interpreter name will be207 <filename>/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>.</para>183 <screen><computeroutput>[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1]</computeroutput></screen> 184 185 <para>Note that for big-endian machines, the interpreter name will be 186 <filename>/lib/ld-linux-aarch64_be.so.1</filename>.</para> 208 187 209 188 <para>If the output is not as shown above, or there is no output at all, -
chapter06/gcc-pass2.xml
r835e40c r7160772 58 58 mv -v mpc-&mpc-version; mpc</userinput></screen> 59 59 60 <para> If building on x86_64, change the default directory name for 64-bit61 libraries to <quote>lib</quote>:</para>60 <para>On ARM64 hosts, set the default directory name for 61 64-bit libraries to <quote>lib</quote>:</para> 62 62 63 <screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in 64 x86_64) 65 sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64 66 ;; 67 esac</userinput></screen> 63 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e '/lp64=/s/lib64/lib/' \ 64 -i.orig gcc/config/aarch64/t-aarch64-linux</userinput></screen> 68 65 69 66 <para>Override the building rule of libgcc and libstdc++ headers, to -
chapter07/changingowner.xml
r835e40c r7160772 34 34 command:</para> 35 35 36 <screen><userinput>chown -R root:root $LFS/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools} 37 case $(uname -m) in 38 x86_64) chown -R root:root $LFS/lib64 ;; 39 esac</userinput></screen> 36 <screen><userinput>chown -R root:root $LFS/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools}</userinput></screen> 40 37 41 38 </sect1> -
chapter08/binutils.xml
r835e40c r7160772 116 116 ultimately be located) is set to <filename 117 117 class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename>. For 118 example, x86_64 machines would expand that to <filename119 class="directory">/usr/ x86_64-pc-linux-gnu</filename>. Because this is118 example, ARM64 machines would expand that to <filename 119 class="directory">/usr/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu</filename>. Because this is 120 120 a custom system, this target-specific directory in <filename 121 121 class="directory">/usr</filename> is not required. <filename … … 141 141 142 142 <screen><userinput remap="test">grep '^FAIL:' $(find -name '*.log')</userinput></screen> 143 144 <para>Twelve tests fail in the gold test suite when the145 <option>--enable-default-pie</option> and146 <option>--enable-default-ssp</option> options are passed to GCC.</para>147 143 148 144 <para>Install the package:</para> -
chapter08/expect.xml
r835e40c r7160772 48 48 <sect2 role="installation"> 49 49 <title>Installation of Expect</title> 50 51 <para>Update two config scripts to allow building this package for 52 AArch64:</para> 53 54 <screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -C tclconfig -xf ../autoconf-&autoconf-version;.tar.xz --strip-components=2 \ 55 autoconf-&autoconf-version;/build-aux/config.{guess,sub}</userinput></screen> 50 56 51 57 <para>Prepare Expect for compilation:</para> -
chapter08/findutils.xml
r835e40c r7160772 48 48 <para>Prepare Findutils for compilation:</para> 49 49 50 <screen><userinput remap="configure">case $(uname -m) in 51 i?86) TIME_T_32_BIT_OK=yes ./configure --prefix=/usr --localstatedir=/var/lib/locate ;; 52 x86_64) ./configure --prefix=/usr --localstatedir=/var/lib/locate ;; 53 esac</userinput></screen> 50 <screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr --localstatedir=/var/lib/locate</userinput></screen> 54 51 55 52 <variablelist> 56 53 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title> 57 58 <varlistentry>59 <term><command>TIME_32_BIT_OK=yes</command></term>60 <listitem>61 <para>This setting is needed for building on a 32 bit system.</para>62 </listitem>63 </varlistentry>64 54 65 55 <varlistentry> -
chapter08/gcc.xml
r835e40c r7160772 55 55 <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-upstream-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen> 56 56 --> 57 <para>If building on x86_64, change the default directory name for 64-bit 58 libraries to <quote>lib</quote>:</para> 59 60 <screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in 61 x86_64) 62 sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' \ 63 -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64 64 ;; 65 esac</userinput></screen> 57 <para>On ARM64 hosts, set the default directory name for 58 64-bit libraries to <quote>lib</quote>:</para> 59 60 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e '/lp64=/s/lib64/lib/' \ 61 -i.orig gcc/config/aarch64/t-aarch64-linux</userinput></screen> 66 62 67 63 <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC in a dedicated build directory:</para> … … 161 157 <ulink url="https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-testresults/"/>.</para> 162 158 163 <para>Eleven tests in the i386 test suite for the gcc compiler are known to FAIL. 164 It's because the test files do not account for the 159 <para>In gcc tests, the tests related to 160 <filename>fuse_adrp_add_1.c</filename>, 161 <filename>pr63304_1.c</filename>, 162 <filename>pr70120-2.c</filename>, 163 <filename>pr78733.c</filename>, 164 <filename>pr78796.c</filename>, 165 <filename>pr79041-2.c</filename>, 166 <filename>pr94530.c</filename>, 167 <filename>pr94577.c</filename>, 168 <filename>reload-valid-spoff.c</filename>, and 169 many <filename>aapcs64</filename> tests are known to fail. 170 They are because the test files do not account for the 165 171 <parameter>--enable-default-pie</parameter> option.</para> 166 172 167 <para>Four tests related to PR100400 may be reported 168 as both XPASS and FAIL when testing the g++ compiler; the test file 173 <para>In gcc tests, the tests related to 174 <filename>pr104005.c</filename>, 175 <filename>pr103147-10.C</filename>, 176 <filename>shrink_wrap_1.c</filename>, 177 <filename>stack-check-cfa-1.c</filename>, 178 <filename>stack-check-cfa-2.c</filename>, 179 <filename>test_frame_17.c</filename>, and 180 many <filename>sve/pcs</filename> tests are known 181 to fail. The g++ test related to <filename>pr103147-10.C</filename> 182 is known to fail. They are because the test files do not account for 183 the <parameter>--enable-default-ssp</parameter> option.</para> 184 185 <para>In g++, four tests related to PR100400 are known to be reported 186 as both XPASS and FAIL. It's because the test file for this known issue 169 187 is not well written.</para> 188 189 <!-- Already known via gcc-testresults@gcc.gnu.org --> 190 <para>On ARM64, 191 four g++ tests related to <filename>Waddress-5.C</filename>, 192 twelve g++ tests related to <filename>attrs-10.C</filename>, 193 four g++ tests related to <filename>declare-simd-8.C</filename>, 194 one gcc tests related to <filename>ssa-dom-thread-7.c</filename>, 195 one gcc tests related to <filename>fcsel_1.c</filename>, 196 one gcc tests related to <filename>mgeneral-regs_3.c</filename>, 197 one gcc tests related to <filename>auto-init-7.c</filename>, and 198 four gcc tests related to <filename>vqdmlalh_laneq*.c</filename> 199 are known to fail.</para> 200 201 <!-- Need further investigation --> 202 <para>Many gcc and g++ tests related to hwasan are known to fail.</para> 170 203 171 204 <para>A few unexpected failures cannot always be avoided. The GCC developers … … 224 257 platform-specific differences in the dynamic linker name):</para> 225 258 226 <screen><computeroutput>[Requesting program interpreter: /lib 64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]</computeroutput></screen>259 <screen><computeroutput>[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1]</computeroutput></screen> 227 260 228 261 <para>Now make sure that we're set up to use the correct start files:</para> … … 232 265 <para>The output of the last command should be:</para> 233 266 234 <screen><computeroutput>/usr/lib/gcc/ x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/Scrt1.o succeeded235 /usr/lib/gcc/ x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crti.o succeeded236 /usr/lib/gcc/ x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crtn.o succeeded</computeroutput></screen>267 <screen><computeroutput>/usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/Scrt1.o succeeded 268 /usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crti.o succeeded 269 /usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crtn.o succeeded</computeroutput></screen> 237 270 238 271 <para>Depending on your machine architecture, the above may differ slightly. … … 251 284 252 285 <screen><computeroutput>#include <...> search starts here: 253 /usr/lib/gcc/ x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include286 /usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include 254 287 /usr/local/include 255 /usr/lib/gcc/ x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include-fixed288 /usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include-fixed 256 289 /usr/include</computeroutput></screen> 257 290 … … 266 299 be ignored, but otherwise the output of the last command should be:</para> 267 300 268 <screen><computeroutput>SEARCH_DIR("/usr/ x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib64")301 <screen><computeroutput>SEARCH_DIR("/usr/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib64") 269 302 SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib64") 270 303 SEARCH_DIR("/lib64") 271 304 SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib64") 272 SEARCH_DIR("/usr/ x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib")305 SEARCH_DIR("/usr/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib") 273 306 SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib") 274 307 SEARCH_DIR("/lib") 275 308 SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");</computeroutput></screen> 276 309 <!-- 277 310 <para>A 32-bit system may use a few other directories. For example, here 278 311 is the output from an i686 machine:</para> … … 286 319 SEARCH_DIR("/lib") 287 320 SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");</computeroutput></screen> 288 321 --> 289 322 <para>Next make sure that we're using the correct libc:</para> 290 323 … … 302 335 platform-specific differences in dynamic linker name):</para> 303 336 304 <screen><computeroutput>found ld-linux- x86-64.so.2 at /usr/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2</computeroutput></screen>337 <screen><computeroutput>found ld-linux-aarch64.so.1 at /usr/lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1</computeroutput></screen> 305 338 306 339 <para>If the output does not appear as shown above or is not received -
chapter08/glibc.xml
r835e40c r7160772 446 446 447 447 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename 448 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux .so.2</filename>) searches through448 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1</filename>) searches through 449 449 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries 450 450 that are needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are … … 494 494 <seg>gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig, 495 495 ldd, lddlibc4, 496 ld.so (symlink to ld-linux- x86-64.so.2 or ld-linux.so.2),496 ld.so (symlink to ld-linux-aarch64[_be].so.1), 497 497 locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, 498 498 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace, 499 499 zdump, and zic</seg> 500 <seg>ld-linux- x86-64.so.2, ld-linux.so.2,500 <seg>ld-linux-aarch64[_be].so.1, 501 501 libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libanl.{a,so}, 502 502 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libc_malloc_debug.so, -
chapter08/gmp.xml
r835e40c r7160772 41 41 <sect2 role="installation"> 42 42 <title>Installation of GMP</title> 43 44 <note>45 <para>If you are building for 32-bit x86, but you have a CPU which is46 capable of running 64-bit code <emphasis>and</emphasis> you have specified47 <envar>CFLAGS</envar> in the environment, the configure script will48 attempt to configure for 64-bits and fail.49 Avoid this by invoking the configure command below with50 <screen role="nodump"><userinput><parameter>ABI=32</parameter> ./configure ...</userinput></screen></para>51 </note>52 43 53 44 <note> … … 107 98 applications using the gmp libraries with the message "Illegal 108 99 instruction". In this case, gmp should be reconfigured with the option 109 --build= x86_64-pc-linux-gnu and rebuilt.</para></caution>100 --build=aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu and rebuilt.</para></caution> 110 101 111 102 <para>Ensure that all 197 tests in the test suite passed. -
chapter08/grub.xml
r835e40c r7160772 43 43 <note> 44 44 <para> 45 On ARM64 systems, the following instruction builds GRUB for UEFI. 46 But the built GRUB lacks some features because a few optional 47 dependencies of GRUB for UEFI is beyond the scope of LFS and not 48 installed yet. 49 </para> 50 <para> 51 If your system firmware does not support UEFI, you need to skip the 52 content of this page and try to figure out how to boot your system. 53 </para> 54 <para> 45 55 If your system has UEFI support and you wish to boot LFS with UEFI, 46 56 you can skip this package in LFS, 47 57 and install GRUB with UEFI support (and its dependencies) by following 48 58 the instructions on 49 <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/grub-efi.html">the BLFS page</ulink>. 59 <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/grub-efi.html">the BLFS page</ulink> 60 (with <parameter>--target=x86_64</parameter> removed). 50 61 </para> 51 62 </note> … … 70 81 71 82 <screen><userinput remap='pre'>patch -Np1 -i ../grub-&grub-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen> 83 84 <!--https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/grub.git/commit/?id=69edb312 --> 85 <para>Apply an upstream change so GRUB will be capable to load 86 compressed kernel image on an ARM64 system:</para> 87 88 <screen><userinput remap='pre'>sed '/ARMXX_MAGIC/,+2d' -i grub-core/loader/arm64/linux.c</userinput></screen> 72 89 73 90 <para>Prepare GRUB for compilation:</para> -
chapter08/kbd.xml
r835e40c r7160772 45 45 across the keymaps in the Kbd package. The following patch fixes this 46 46 issue for i386 keymaps:</para> 47 48 <note> 49 <para> 50 Don't skip the patch just because it mentions "i386". The keymaps 51 for the keyboards most common on the market (qwerty or dvorak) are 52 in "i386" catagory. 53 </para> 54 </note> 47 55 48 56 <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&kbd-backspace-patch;</userinput></screen> -
chapter08/libcap.xml
r835e40c r7160772 60 60 <para>This parameter sets the library directory to 61 61 <filename>/usr/lib</filename> rather than 62 <filename>/usr/lib64</filename> on x86_64. It has no effect on 63 x86.</para> 62 <filename>/usr/lib64</filename> on ARM64.</para> 64 63 </listitem> 65 64 </varlistentry> -
chapter08/libffi.xml
r835e40c r7160772 77 77 system, use the less capable system as a parameter. For details 78 78 about alternative system types, see <ulink 79 url='https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc/ x86-Options.html'>80 the x86options in the GCC manual</ulink>.</para>79 url='https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc/AArch64-Options.html'> 80 the AArch64 options in the GCC manual</ulink>.</para> 81 81 </listitem> 82 82 </varlistentry> -
chapter08/stripping.xml
r835e40c r7160772 47 47 rationale for using the <command>install</command> command here.)</para> 48 48 49 <note><para>The ELF loader's name is ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 on 64-bit systems 50 and ld-linux.so.2 on 32-bit systems. The construct below selects the 49 <note><para>The ELF loader's name is ld-linux-aarch64.so.1 on 50 little-endian systems and ld-linux-aarch64_be.so.1 on big-endian systems. 51 The construct below selects the 51 52 correct name for the current architecture, excluding anything ending 52 53 with <quote>g</quote>, in case the commands below have already been -
chapter08/util-linux.xml
r835e40c r7160772 129 129 eject, fallocate, fdisk, fincore, findfs, findmnt, flock, fsck, 130 130 fsck.cramfs, fsck.minix, fsfreeze, fstrim, getopt, hardlink, hexdump, hwclock, 131 i 386 (link to setarch), ionice, ipcmk, ipcrm, ipcs, irqtop, isosize, kill, last,131 ionice, ipcmk, ipcrm, ipcs, irqtop, isosize, kill, last, 132 132 lastb (link to last), ldattach, linux32 (link to setarch), linux64 (link to setarch), 133 133 logger, look, losetup, lsblk, lscpu, lsipc, lsirq, lsfd, lslocks, lslogins, … … 138 138 swapoff, swapon, switch_root, taskset, uclampset, ul, 139 139 umount, uname26 (link to setarch), unshare, utmpdump, uuidd, uuidgen, uuidparse, 140 wall, wdctl, whereis, wipefs, x86_64 (link to setarch),and zramctl</seg>140 wall, wdctl, whereis, wipefs, and zramctl</seg> 141 141 <seg>libblkid.so, libfdisk.so, libmount.so, 142 142 libsmartcols.so, and libuuid.so</seg> … … 521 521 </varlistentry> 522 522 523 <varlistentry id="i386">524 <term><command>i386</command></term>525 <listitem>526 <para>A symbolic link to setarch</para>527 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux i386">528 <primary sortas="b-i386">i386</primary>529 </indexterm>530 </listitem>531 </varlistentry>532 533 523 <varlistentry id="ionice"> 534 524 <term><command>ionice</command></term> … … 1280 1270 </varlistentry> 1281 1271 1282 <varlistentry id="x86_64">1283 <term><command>x86_64</command></term>1284 <listitem>1285 <para>A symbolic link to setarch</para>1286 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux x86_64">1287 <primary sortas="b-x86_64">x86_64</primary>1288 </indexterm>1289 </listitem>1290 </varlistentry>1291 1292 1272 <varlistentry id="zramctl"> 1293 1273 <term><command>zramctl</command></term> -
chapter10/grub.xml
r835e40c r7160772 19 19 <note> 20 20 <para> 21 If your system has UEFI support and you wish to boot LFS with UEFI, 22 you should skip this page, and configure GRUB with UEFI support 21 This section assume your system has UEFI support and you wish to boot 22 LFS with UEFI and GRUB built following the instructions in Chapter 8. 23 </para> 24 <para> 25 If you've installed GRUB for UEFI with optional dependencies following 26 BLFS, you should skip this page, and configure GRUB with UEFI support 23 27 using the instructions provided in 24 <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/grub-setup.html">the BLFS page</ulink>. 28 <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/grub-setup.html">the BLFS page</ulink>, 29 but replace <parameter>--target=x86_64-efi</parameter> with 30 <parameter>--target=arm64-efi</parameter> for the ARM64 system. 31 </para> 32 <para> 33 If your system does not support UEFI or you don't want to use it, 34 you'll need to figure out how to configure the booting process of 35 the system on your own. 25 36 </para> 26 37 </note> … … 35 46 LILO.</para></warning> 36 47 37 <para> 48 <para>Ensure that an emergency boot disk is ready to <quote>rescue</quote> 38 49 the computer if the computer becomes unusable (un-bootable). If you do not 39 already have a boot device, you can create one. In order for the procedure 40 below to work, you need to jump ahead to BLFS and install 41 <userinput>xorriso</userinput> from the <ulink 42 url="&blfs-book;multimedia/libisoburn.html"> 43 libisoburn</ulink> package.</para> 44 45 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>cd /tmp 46 grub-mkrescue --output=grub-img.iso 47 xorriso -as cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrw blank=as_needed grub-img.iso</userinput></screen> 48 50 already have a boot device, you can create one. To create a emergency 51 boot device for UEFI, consult section <quote>Create an Emergency Boot 52 Disk</quote> in 53 <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/grub-setup.html">the BLFS page</ulink>.</para> 54 55 </sect2> 56 57 <sect2> 58 <title>Turn off Secure Boot</title> 59 60 <para>LFS does not have the essential packages to support Secure Boot. 61 To set up the boot process following the instructions in this section, 62 Secure Boot must be turned off from the configuration interface of the 63 firmware. Read the documentation provided by the manufacturer of your 64 system to find out how.</para> 49 65 </sect2> 50 66 … … 72 88 <title>Setting Up the Configuration</title> 73 89 74 <para>GRUB works by writing data to the first physical track of the 75 hard disk. This area is not part of any file system. The programs 76 there access GRUB modules in the boot partition. The default location 77 is /boot/grub/.</para> 90 <para>GRUB works by creating an EFI executable in the EFI System 91 Partition (ESP). You can find the ESP with:</para> 92 93 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>fdisk -l | grep 'EFI System'</userinput></screen> 94 95 <para>If no ESP exists on your hard drive (for example, you are building 96 LFS on a fresh new system with a Live CD as the host distro), read 97 <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/grub-setup.html">the BLFS page</ulink> 98 for the instruction to create an ESP on your hard drive.</para> 99 100 <para>If the ESP is not mounted at 101 <filename class="directory">/boot/efi</filename> (in the chroot), 102 mount it now:</para> 103 104 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /boot/efi 105 mount /boot/efi</userinput></screen> 106 107 <note> 108 <para>The path to the device node is intentionally omitted in the 109 command. We expect the entry for mounting the ESP to 110 <filename class="directory">/boot/efi</filename> is already in 111 <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. Add the entry before running the 112 command if you forgot to create an entry for the ESP in 113 <xref linkend="ch-bootable-fstab"/>.</para> 114 </note> 78 115 79 116 <para>The location of the boot partition is a choice of the user that … … 100 137 101 138 <para>Install the GRUB files into <filename 102 class="directory">/boot/grub</filename> and set up the boot track:</para> 139 class="directory">/boot/grub</filename> and the GRUB EFI executable into 140 <filename class="directory">/boot/efi/EFI/BOOTAA64.EFI</filename>:</para> 103 141 104 142 <warning> 105 <para>The following command will overwrite the current boot loader. Do not 106 run the command if this is not desired, for example, if using a third party 107 boot manager to manage the Master Boot Record (MBR).</para> 143 <para>The following command will overwrite 144 <filename>BOOTAA64.EFI</filename>. Do not run the command if this is 145 not desired, for example, if it contains a third party boot manager. 146 You can backup it with <command>cp</command> as it's a regular 147 file.</para> 108 148 </warning> 109 149 110 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>grub-install /dev/sda</userinput></screen>150 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>grub-install --removable</userinput></screen> 111 151 112 152 <note> 113 <para>If the system has been booted using UEFI, 114 <command>grub-install</command> will try to install files for the 115 <emphasis>x86_64-efi</emphasis> target, but those files 116 have not been installed in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>. 117 If this is the case, add <option>--target i386-pc</option> to the 118 command above.</para> 153 <para> 154 <parameter>--removable</parameter> may seem strange here. The UEFI 155 firmware searches EFI executables for boot loaders in a hardcoded 156 path, <filename>EFI/BOOTAA64.EFI</filename> in the ESP, and other 157 boot loader paths listed in the EFI variables. We've not installed 158 the utilities for manipulating EFI variables so we need to install 159 the EFI executable into the hardcoded path. The hardcoded path is 160 usually used by removable devices (for example, USB thumb devices) 161 so the <command>grub-install</command> option for this purpose is 162 named <parameter>--removable</parameter>. 163 </para> 164 <para> 165 UEFI implementation usually prefers the boot loaders with paths 166 recorded in an EFI variable, to the boot loader with the hardcoded 167 search path. You may need to invoke the boot device selection menu 168 or setting interface of your EFI firmware on next boot to explicitly 169 select the bootloader. 170 </para> 171 <para> 172 Some UEFI implementation may completely skip the hardcoded path if 173 there are other boot loaders in the same hard drive with paths 174 recorded in an EFI variable. Then you need to create an EFI 175 variable for the newly installed boot loader. Install 176 <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/efibootmgr.html">efibootmgr</ulink>, 177 then run the following commands: 178 179 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>mount -v -t efivarfs efivarfs /sys/firmware/efi/efivars 180 efibootmgr -B -L LFS || true 181 efibootmgr -c -L LFS -l '\EFI\BOOT\BOOTAA64.EFI' -d /dev/sda 182 umount /sys/firmware/efi/efivars</userinput></screen> 183 184 Replace <filename>/dev/sda</filename> with the device node of the 185 hard drive where you are installing GRUB into. For some UEFI 186 firmwares, <option>-e 3</option> option may be needed for the 187 <command>efibootmgr -c</command> command. 188 </para> 119 189 </note> 120 190 -
chapter10/kernel.xml
r835e40c r7160772 117 117 [*] Strong Stack Protector [CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG] 118 118 Device Drivers ---> 119 Firmware Drivers ---> 120 EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) Support ---> 121 [*] Enable the generic EFI decompressor [CONFIG_EFI_ZBOOT] 119 122 Graphics support ---> 120 123 Frame buffer Devices ---> … … 156 159 Firmware Drivers ---> 157 160 [*] Export DMI identification via sysfs to userspace [CONFIG_DMIID] 161 EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) Support ---> 162 [*] Enable the generic EFI decompressor [CONFIG_EFI_ZBOOT] 158 163 Graphics support ---> 159 164 Frame buffer Devices ---> … … 165 170 Pseudo filesystems ---> 166 171 [*] Tmpfs POSIX Access Control Lists [CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_ACL]</screen> 167 168 <para>Enable some additional features if you are building a 64-bit169 system. If you are using menuconfig, enable them in the order of170 <parameter>CONFIG_PCI_MSI</parameter> first, then171 <parameter>CONFIG_IRQ_REMAP</parameter>, at last172 <parameter>CONFIG_X86_X2APIC</parameter> because an option only173 shows up after its dependencies are selected.</para>174 175 <screen role="nodump">Processor type and features --->176 [*] Support x2apic [CONFIG_X86_X2APIC]177 Device Drivers --->178 [*] PCI Support ---> [CONFIG_PCI]179 [*] Message Signaled Interrupts (MSI and MSI-X) [CONFIG_PCI_MSI]180 [*] IOMMU Hardware Support ---> [CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT]181 [*] Support for Interrupt Remapping [CONFIG_IRQ_REMAP]</screen>182 172 </note> 183 173 … … 284 274 upon switching to root filesystem just before starting 285 275 init.</para> 276 </listitem> 277 </varlistentry> 278 279 <varlistentry> 280 <term><parameter>Enable the generic EFI decompressor</parameter></term> 281 <listitem> 282 <para>Create the bootable image as an EFI application that carries 283 the actual kernel image in compressed form. It can make the 284 bootable image 50% smaller.</para> 286 285 </listitem> 287 286 </varlistentry> … … 301 300 </varlistentry> 302 301 303 <varlistentry>304 <term><parameter>Support x2apic</parameter></term>305 <listitem>306 <para>Support running the interrupt controller of 64-bit x86307 processors in x2APIC mode. x2APIC may be enabled by firmware on308 64-bit x86 systems, and a kernel without this option enabled will309 panic on boot if x2APIC is enabled by firmware. This option has310 has no effect, but also does no harm if x2APIC is disabled by the311 firmware.</para>312 </listitem>313 </varlistentry>314 315 302 </variablelist> 316 303 … … 367 354 the filename should be <emphasis>vmlinuz</emphasis> to be compatible with 368 355 the automatic setup of the boot process described in the next section. The 369 following command assumes an x86 architecture:</para> 370 371 <screen><userinput remap="install">cp -iv arch/x86/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version;</userinput></screen> 356 following command assumes an ARM64 architecture with an EFI boot loader 357 (for example, GRUB built in &ch-final;):</para> 358 359 <screen><userinput remap="install">cp -iv arch/arm64/boot/vmlinuz.efi /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version;</userinput></screen> 372 360 373 361 <para><filename>System.map</filename> is a symbol file for the kernel. -
general.ent
r835e40c r7160772 92 92 <!ENTITY test-results "&lfs-root;lfs/build-logs/&generic-version;/"> 93 93 <!ENTITY secadv "&lfs-root;lfs/advisories/"> 94 <!ENTITY min-kernel "3. 2">94 <!ENTITY min-kernel "3.7"> 95 95 <!-- 96 96 <!ENTITY patches-rootd "&lfs-root;patches/lfs/&generic-versiond;/"> -
git-version.sh
r835e40c r7160772 49 49 50 50 sha="$(git describe --abbrev=1)" 51 rev= $(echo "$sha" | sed 's/-g[^-]*$//')51 rev=arm64-$(echo "$sha" | sed 's/-g[^-]*$//') 52 52 version="$rev" 53 53 versiond="$rev-systemd" -
prologue/architecture.xml
r835e40c r7160772 11 11 <title>LFS Target Architectures</title> 12 12 13 <para>The primary target architectures of LFS are the AMD/Intel x86 (32-bit) 14 and x86_64 (64-bit) CPUs. On the other hand, the instructions in this book are 15 also known to work, with some modifications, with the Power PC and ARM CPUs. To 16 build a system that utilizes one of these alternative CPUs, the main prerequisite, in 17 addition to those on the next page, is an existing Linux system such as an 18 earlier LFS installation, Ubuntu, Red Hat/Fedora, SuSE, or some other distribution 19 that targets that architecture. (Note that a 32-bit 20 distribution can be installed and used as a host system on a 64-bit AMD/Intel 21 computer.)</para> 13 <para>The target architectures of this LFS edition are ARM64 (sometimes 14 called AArch64) CPUs. On the other hand, the instructions in this book may 15 work on 32-bit ARM CPUs with some modifications. To build a system that 16 utilizes one of these alternative CPUs, the main prerequisite, in 17 addition to those on 18 the next page, is an existing Linux system such as an earlier LFS 19 installation, Ubuntu, Red Hat/Fedora, SuSE, or other distribution that 20 targets the architecture that you have.</para> 22 21 23 <para>The gain from building on a 64-bit system, as 24 compared to a 32-bit system, is minimal. 25 For example, in a test build of LFS-9.1 on a Core i7-4790 CPU based system, 26 using 4 cores, the following statistics were measured:</para> 27 28 <screen><computeroutput>Architecture Build Time Build Size 29 32-bit 239.9 minutes 3.6 GB 30 64-bit 233.2 minutes 4.4 GB</computeroutput></screen> 31 32 <para>As you can see, on the same hardware, the 64-bit build is only 3% faster 33 (and 22% larger) than the 32-bit build. If you plan to use LFS as a LAMP 34 server, or a firewall, a 32-bit CPU may be good enough. On the other 35 hand, several packages in BLFS now need more than 4 GB of RAM to be built 36 and/or to run; if you plan to use LFS as a desktop, the LFS authors 37 recommend building a 64-bit system.</para> 38 39 <para>The default 64-bit build that results from LFS is a 40 <quote>pure</quote> 64-bit system. That is, it supports 64-bit executables 41 only. Building a <quote>multi-lib</quote> system requires compiling many 22 <para>The build results from this LFS edition is considered a 23 <quote>pure</quote> 64-bit system. That is, it supports 64-bit executables 24 only. Building a <quote>multi-lib</quote> system requires compiling many 42 25 applications twice, once for a 32-bit system and once for a 64-bit system. 43 26 This is not directly supported in LFS because it would interfere with the 44 27 educational objective of providing the minimal instructions needed for a 45 bas ic Linux system. Some of the LFS/BLFS editors maintain a multilib fork28 base Linux system. Some LFS/BLFS editors maintain a multilib fork 46 29 of LFS, accessible at <ulink 47 30 url="https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/~thomas/multilib/index.html"/>. But 48 that's an advanced topic.</para> 31 the multilib edition is for x86_64, and multilib is an advanced topic 32 anyway.</para> 49 33 50 34 </sect1> -
prologue/standards.xml
r835e40c r7160772 36 36 specifications are architecture specific. There are also two trial 37 37 specifications: Gtk3 and Graphics. LFS attempts to conform to the LSB 38 specifications for the IA32 (32-bit x86) or AMD64 (x86_64)39 architectures discussed in the previous section.</para>38 generic specifications. The architecture specific part of LSB does 39 not exist for ARM64.</para> 40 40 41 41 <note><para>Many people do not agree with these requirements.
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