Ignore:
Timestamp:
02/19/2005 10:16:42 PM (19 years ago)
Author:
Gerard Beekmans <gerard@…>
Branches:
10.0, 10.0-rc1, 10.1, 10.1-rc1, 11.0, 11.0-rc1, 11.0-rc2, 11.0-rc3, 11.1, 11.1-rc1, 11.2, 11.2-rc1, 11.3, 11.3-rc1, 12.0, 12.0-rc1, 12.1, 12.1-rc1, 6.1, 6.1.1, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.5-systemd, 7.6, 7.6-systemd, 7.7, 7.7-systemd, 7.8, 7.8-systemd, 7.9, 7.9-systemd, 8.0, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 9.0, 9.1, arm, bdubbs/gcc13, ml-11.0, multilib, renodr/libudev-from-systemd, s6-init, trunk, xry111/arm64, xry111/arm64-12.0, xry111/clfs-ng, xry111/lfs-next, xry111/loongarch, xry111/loongarch-12.0, xry111/loongarch-12.1, xry111/mips64el, xry111/pip3, xry111/rust-wip-20221008, xry111/update-glibc
Children:
3d31fc4
Parents:
2f9131f
Message:

Trunk is now identical to Testing

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@4648 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

File:
1 edited

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  • chapter06/pwdgroup.xml

    r2f9131f r81fd230  
    88<?dbhtml filename="pwdgroup.html"?>
    99
    10 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file:</para>
     10<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/etc/passwd">/etc/passwd</primary></indexterm>
     11<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/etc/group">/etc/group</primary></indexterm>
     12<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/var/run/utmp">/var/run/utmp</primary></indexterm>
     13<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/var/log/btmp">/var/log/btmp</primary></indexterm>
     14<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/var/log/lastlog">/var/log/lastlog</primary></indexterm>
     15<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/var/log/wtmp">/var/log/wtmp</primary></indexterm>
     16
     17<para>In order for user <emphasis>root</emphasis> to be able to login
     18and for the name <quote>root</quote> to be recognized, there need to
     19be relevant entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and
     20<filename>/etc/group</filename> files.</para>
     21
     22<para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following
     23command:</para>
    1124
    1225<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
    … …  
    1427EOF</userinput></screen>
    1528
    16 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file:</para>
     29<para>The actual password for <emphasis>root</emphasis> (the <quote>x</quote>
     30used here is just a placeholder) will be set later.</para>
     31
     32<para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following
     33command:</para>
    1734
    1835<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
    … …  
    3451EOF</userinput></screen>
    3552
    36 <para>Start a new shell:</para>
     53<para>The created groups are not part of any standard&mdash;they are some
     54of the groups that the Udev configuration will be using in the next
     55section. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink
     56url="http://www.linuxbase.org"/>) recommends only that, besides the
     57group <quote>root</quote> with a Group ID (GID) of 0, a group
     58<quote>bin</quote> with a GID of 1 be present. All other group names
     59and GIDs can be chosen freely by the system administrator since
     60well-written packages do not depend on GID numbers, but rather use the
     61group's name.</para>
     62
     63<para>To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new
     64shell. Since a full Glibc was installed in <xref
     65linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> and the
     66<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename>
     67files have been created, user name and group name resolution will now
     68work.</para>
    3769
    3870<screen><userinput>exec /tools/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
    3971
    40 <para>Initialize the log files and give them their proper permissions:</para>
     72<para>Note the use of the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive. This
     73tells <command>bash</command> not to use its internal path hashing.
     74Without this directive, <command>bash</command> would remember the
     75paths to binaries it has executed. In order to use the newly compiled
     76binaries as soon as they are installed, turn off this function for the
     77duration of this chapter.</para>
     78
     79<para>The <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command>, and
     80<command>init</command> programs (and others) use a number of log
     81files to record information such as who was logged into the system and
     82when. However, these programs will not write to the log files if they
     83do not already exist. Initialize the log files and give them
     84proper permissions:</para>
    4185
    4286<screen><userinput>touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}
    … …  
    4488chmod 664 /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog</userinput></screen>
    4589
     90<para>The <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> file records the users
     91that are currently logged in. The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename>
     92file records all logins and logouts. The
     93<filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file records when
     94each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> file
     95records the bad login attempts.</para>
     96
    4697</sect1>
     98
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