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 <sect4><title>libsupc++</title>
 <para>libsup++ provides support for the c++ programming language. Among other
 things, libsup++ contains routines for exception handling.</para></sect4>
+<para>libsupc++ provides support for the c++ programming language. Among other
+things, libsupc++ contains routines for exception handling.</para></sect4>
 </sect3>

appendixa/kernel-desc.xml

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 Linux tick. When a computer is turned on and boots a Linux system, the
 very first piece of Linux software that gets loaded is the kernel. The
 kernel initializes the system's hardware components such as serial
 ports, parallel ports, sound cards, network cards, IDE controllers, SCSI
 controllers and a lot more. In a nutshell the kernel makes the hardware
 available so that the software can run.</para></sect4>
+kernel initializes the system's hardware components: serial ports, parallel
+ports, sound cards, network cards, IDE controllers, SCSI controllers and a
+lot more. In a nutshell the kernel makes the hardware available so that the
+software can run.</para></sect4>
 <sect4><title>linux kernel headers</title>
+<para>These are the files we copy to /usr/include/{linux,asm} in chapter
+.  They should match those which glibc was compiled against and so
+should <emphasis>not</emphasis> be replaced when upgrading the kernel.
+They are essential for compiling many programs.</para></sect4>
+<para>These are the files we copy to
+<filename>/usr/include/{linux,asm}</filename> in chapter 5.  They should
+match those which glibc was compiled against and therefore should
+<emphasis>not</emphasis> be replaced when upgrading the kernel. They are
+essential for compiling many programs.</para></sect4>
 </sect3>

chapter01/changelog.xml

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 </para></listitem>
+<listitem><para>September 21st, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 02:
+Applied Bill Maltby's grammatic-fixes patch.</para></listitem>
+<listitem><para>September 22nd, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06: Applied Alex's
+grammatic-fixes patch.</para></listitem>
+<listitem><para>September 21st, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 02: Applied Bill
+Maltby's grammatic-fixes patch.</para></listitem>
 <listitem><para>September 21st, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 - Zlib:

chapter06/glibc-exp.xml

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 <para><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-&glibc-patch-version;.patch:</userinput>
 This patch converts all occurances of <filename>$(PERL)</filename> to
+This patch converts all occurrences of <filename>$(PERL)</filename> to
 <filename>/usr/bin/perl</filename> in the
 <filename>malloc/Makefile</filename> file. This is done because Glibc can't
 autodetect the location of perl because perl has yet to be installed. The
 patch also replaces all occurances of <emphasis>root</emphasis> with
+patch also replaces all occurrences of <emphasis>root</emphasis> with
 <emphasis>0</emphasis> in the <filename>login/Makefile</filename> file.
 This is done because Glibc itself isn't installed yet and therefore
 …
 <para><userinput>--disable-profile:</userinput> This disables the building
 of libraries with profiling information. This command may be ommitted if
+of libraries with profiling information. This command may be omitted if
 you plan to do profiling.</para>

chapter06/kernel-exp-headers.xml

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 <title>Why we copy the kernel headers and don't symlink them</title>
 <para>In the past it was common practice for people to symlink the
+/usr/include/linux and asm directories to /usr/src/linux/include/linux
+and asm respectively.  This is a <emphasis>bad</emphasis> idea as
+this extract from a post by Linus Torvalds to the Linux Kernel
 Mailing List points out:</para>
+<para>In the past it was common practice to symlink the
+<filename class="directory">/usr/include/{linux,asm}</filename> directories
+to <filename class="directory">/usr/src/linux/include/{linux,asm}</filename>.
+This was a <emphasis>bad</emphasis> practice, as the following extract from a
+post by Linus Torvalds to the Linux Kernel Mailing List points out:</para>
 <screen>I would suggest that people who compile new kernels should:
 …
 true in a _loong_ time.</screen>
+<para>The relevant part here is where he states that the headers should
+be the ones which <emphasis>glibc was compiled against</emphasis>.  These are
+the headers which should remain accessible and so by copying them, we ensure
+that we follow these guidelines.  Also note that as long as you don't have
+those symlinks, it is perfectly fine to have the kernel sources
+in <filename>/usr/src/linux</filename>.</para>
+<para>The essential part is where Linus states that the header files should be
+<emphasis>the ones which glibc was compiled against</emphasis>.  These are
+the headers that should be used when you later compile other packages, as they
+are the ones that match the object-code library files. By copying the headers,
+we ensure that they remain available if later you upgrade your kernel.</para>
+<para>Note, by the way, that it is perfectly all right to have the kernel sources
+in <filename class="directory">/usr/src/linux</filename>, as long as you don't
+have the <filename class="directory">/usr/include/{linux,asm}</filename>
+symlinks.</para>
 </sect2>

chapter06/kernel-exp.xml

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 <title>Command explanations</title>
 <para><userinput>ln -s /static/bin/pwd /bin/pwd</userinput>: The kernel
 source hard-wires the path to <filename>pwd</filename> to be
 <filename>/bin/pwd</filename> so we create a temporary symlink to deal with
 it.</para>
+<para><userinput>ln -s /static/bin/pwd /bin/pwd</userinput>: In the kernel
+source, the path to the <filename>pwd</filename> program is hard-wired as
+<filename>/bin/pwd</filename>, so we create a temporary symlink to account
+for that. At the end we remove it again.</para>
+<para><userinput>make mrproper:</userinput> This will ensure that the kernel
+tree is absolutely clean.  We do this because the kernel team recommend
+that this is done prior to <emphasis>each</emphasis> kernel compilation,
+and that we shouldn't rely on the source tree being automatically clean
+after untarring.</para>
+<para><userinput>make mrproper</userinput>: This ensures that the kernel
+tree is absolutely clean. The kernel team recommends that this command be
+issued prior to <emphasis>each</emphasis> kernel compilation, and that you
+shouldn't rely on the source tree being clean after untarring.</para>
 <para><userinput>make include/linux/version.h</userinput> and
 <userinput>make symlinks</userinput>: This creates the
 <filename>include/linux/version.h</filename>, as well as the <filename
 class="symlink">include/asm</filename> symlink.</para>
+<filename>include/linux/version.h</filename> file and the platform-specific
+<filename class="symlink">include/asm</filename> symlink.</para>
 <para><userinput>mkdir /usr/include/asm</userinput>
 , <userinput>cp include/asm/* /usr/include/asm</userinput> and
 <userinput>cp include/asm-generic /usr/include</userinput>:
 This copies the platform-specific assembler kernel header files to
+<userinput>cp -R include/asm-generic /usr/include</userinput>:
+These commands copy the platform-specific assembler kernel header files to
 <filename class="directory">/usr/include/asm</filename> and <filename
 class="directory">/usr/include/asm-generic</filename></para>
+class="directory">/usr/include/asm-generic</filename>.</para>
 <para><userinput>cp -R include/linux /usr/include</userinput>:
 This command copies the cross-platform kernel header files to
 <filename>/usr/include</filename></para>
+<filename>/usr/include</filename>.</para>
+<para><userinput>touch /usr/include/linux/autoconf.h</userinput>: Some
+kernel header files include this <filename>autoconf.h</filename> file, but
+outside the Linux source tree, that file has no meaning so we just create
+an empty one so we don't get compile errors whenever it happens to be a
+dependency of another kernel header file.</para>
+<para><userinput>touch /usr/include/linux/autoconf.h</userinput>: This
+creates an empty <filename>autoconf.h</filename> file.  As we do not yet
+configure the kernel, we have to create this file ourselves for those few
+kernel header files that make use of it, to avoid compilation failures.</para>
 </sect2>

chapter06/kernel-inst.xml

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 <sect2>
 <title>Installation of the Linux Kernel</title>
+<title>Installation of the kernel headers</title>
+<para>We won't be compiling a new kernel image yet. We'll do that after we
+have finished the installation of the basic system software in this
+chapter. But because certain software needs the kernel header files, we're
+going to unpack the kernel archive now and set it up so that we can
+compile the packages that need the kernel.</para>
+<para>We won't be compiling a new kernel yet -- we'll do that when we have
+finished the installation of all the packages. But as some packages need the
+kernel header files, we're going to unpack the kernel archive now, set it up,
+and copy the header files to where they will be found by these packages.</para>
+<para>The kernel configuration file is created by running the following
+command:</para>
+<para>The kernel headers are copied by running the following commands:</para>
 <para><screen><userinput>ln -s /static/bin/pwd /bin/pwd &amp;&amp;

chapter06/shellutils-exp.xml

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3	3
4	4	<para><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../sh-utils-&sh-utils-hostname-patch-version;.patch:</userinput> This patch
5		supresses the build of the hostname program which we will be installed
	5	suppresses the build of the hostname program which we will be installed
6	6	later with the net-tools package. The hostname program from the net-tools
7	7	package is a much better version (and in some cases even required since it

index.xml

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 <!ENTITY book SYSTEM "book/book.xml">
 <!ENTITY version "20020921">
 <!ENTITY releasedate "September 21st, 2002">
+<!ENTITY version "20020922">
+<!ENTITY releasedate "September 22nd, 2002">
 <!ENTITY ftp-root "ftp://ftp.linuxfromscratch.org">

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