Ignore:
Timestamp:
09/29/2003 04:40:22 AM (21 years ago)
Author:
Igor Živković <igor@…>
Branches:
10.0, 10.1, 11.0, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.0, 12.1, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.2.0, 6.2.0-rc1, 6.2.0-rc2, 6.3, 6.3-rc1, 6.3-rc2, 6.3-rc3, 7.10, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.6-blfs, 7.6-systemd, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, 8.0, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 9.0, 9.1, basic, bdubbs/svn, elogind, gnome, kde5-13430, kde5-14269, kde5-14686, kea, ken/TL2024, ken/inkscape-core-mods, ken/tuningfonts, krejzi/svn, lazarus, lxqt, nosym, perl-modules, plabs/newcss, plabs/python-mods, python3.11, qt5new, rahul/power-profiles-daemon, renodr/vulkan-addition, systemd-11177, systemd-13485, trunk, upgradedb, v5_0, v5_0-pre1, v5_1, v5_1-pre1, xry111/intltool, xry111/llvm18, xry111/soup3, xry111/test-20220226, xry111/xf86-video-removal
Children:
29c3363
Parents:
39f01ca
Message:

updated BIND intro

git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@1236 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0

File:
1 edited

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  • server/other/bind/bind-config.xml

    r39f01ca r814d190  
    11<sect2>
    2 <title>Configuring BIND</title>
    3 <para>We will configure BIND to run in a chroot jail as an unprivileged
    4 user(named).  This configuration is more secure in that a DNS
    5 compromise can only affect a few files in the named user's $HOME
    6 directory </para>
    7 
    8 <para>First we set up some files and directories needed by
    9 BIND:</para>
    10 <para><screen><userinput>groupadd -g 200 named &amp;&amp;
    11 useradd -m -g named -u 200 -s /bin/false named &amp;&amp;
    12 cd /home/named &amp;&amp;
     2<title>Configuring
     3<application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application></title>
     4
     5<sect3><title>Config files</title>
     6<para><filename>named.conf</filename>, <filename>root.hints</filename>,
     7<filename>127.0.0</filename>, <filename>rndc.conf</filename></para>
     8</sect3>
     9
     10<sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
     11
     12<para>We will configure
     13<application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application> to run in a chroot
     14jail as an unprivileged user (named). This configuration is more secure
     15in that a <acronym>DNS</acronym> compromise can only affect a few files
     16in the named user's <envar>$HOME</envar> directory.</para>
     17
     18<para>First we create the unpriviledged user and group named:</para>
     19
     20<screen><userinput><command>groupadd -g 200 named &amp;&amp;
     21useradd -m -g named -u 200 -s /bin/false named</command></userinput></screen>
     22
     23<para>Then we set up some files, directories and devices needed by
     24<application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application>:</para>
     25
     26<screen><userinput><command>cd /home/named &amp;&amp;
    1327mkdir -p dev etc/namedb/slave var/run &amp;&amp;
    1428mknod /home/named/dev/null c 1 3 &amp;&amp;
    … …  
    1630chmod 666 /home/named/dev/{null,random} &amp;&amp;
    1731mkdir /home/named/etc/namedb/pz &amp;&amp;
    18 cp /etc/localtime /home/named/etc</userinput></screen></para>
    19 
    20 <sect3><title>Config files</title>
    21 <para><filename>named.conf</filename>,
    22 <filename>root.hints</filename>, <filename>127.0.0</filename> and
    23 <filename>rndc.conf</filename></para>
    24 
    25 <para>Create the named.conf file with the following commands:</para>
    26 <para><screen><userinput>cat &gt; /home/named/etc/named.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"</userinput>
     32cp /etc/localtime /home/named/etc</command></userinput></screen>
     33
     34<para>Create the <filename>named.conf</filename> file from which named
     35will read the location of zone files, root name servers and secure
     36<acronym>DNS</acronym> keys:</para>
     37
     38<screen><userinput><command>cat &gt; /home/named/etc/named.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"</command>
    2739 options {
    2840     directory "/etc/namedb";
    … …  
    4658     file "pz/127.0.0";
    4759 };
    48 <userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
    49 <para>Create a zone file with the following contents: </para>
    50 <para><screen><userinput>cat &gt; /home/named/etc/namedb/pz/127.0.0 &lt;&lt; "EOF"</userinput>
     60<command>>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
     61
     62<para>Create a zone file with the following contents:</para>
     63
     64<screen><userinput><command>cat &gt; /home/named/etc/namedb/pz/127.0.0 &lt;&lt; "EOF"</command>
    5165$TTL 3D
    5266@      IN      SOA     ns.local.domain. hostmaster.local.domain. (
    … …  
    5872                NS      ns.local.domain.
    59731               PTR     localhost.
    60 <userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
    61 
    62 <para>Create the root.hints file with the following commands: </para>
     74<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
     75
     76<para>Create the <filename>root.hints</filename> file with the following
     77commands:</para>
     78
    6379<note><para>Caution must be used to insure no leading spaces in this
    6480file.</para></note>
    65 <para><screen><userinput>cat &gt; /home/named/etc/namedb/root.hints &lt;&lt; "EOF"</userinput>
     81
     82<screen><userinput><command>cat &gt; /home/named/etc/namedb/root.hints &lt;&lt; "EOF"</command>
    6683.                       6D  IN      NS      A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
    6784.                       6D  IN      NS      B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
    … …  
    90107L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       198.32.64.12
    91108M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       202.12.27.33
    92 <userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
     109<command>>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
     110
     111<para>The <filename>root.hints</filename> file is a list of root name
     112servers. This file must be updated periodically with the
     113<command>dig</command> utility.
     114Consult the <acronym>BIND</acronym> 9 Administrator Reference Manual for
     115details.</para>
    93116
    94117<para>Create the <filename>rndc.conf</filename> with the following commands:</para>
    95 <para><screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/rndc.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"</userinput>
     118
     119<screen><userinput><command>cat &gt; /etc/rndc.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"</command>
    96120key rndc_key {
    97121algorithm "hmac-md5";
    … …  
    103127    default-key    rndc_key;
    104128};
    105 <userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
    106 
    107 <para>Create or modify <filename>resolv.conf</filename> to use the new name server with the
    108 following commands: </para>
     129<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
     130
     131<para>The <filename>rndc.conf</filename> file contains information for
     132controlling named operations with the <command>rndc</command>
     133utility.</para>
     134
     135<para>Create or modify <filename>resolv.conf</filename> to use the new
     136name server with the following commands:</para>
     137
    109138<note><para>Replace yourdomain.com with your own valid domain
    110139name.</para></note>
    111140
    112 <para><screen><userinput>cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.bak &amp;&amp;
    113 cat &gt; /etc/resolv.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"</userinput>
     141<screen><userinput><command>cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.bak &amp;&amp;
     142cat &gt; /etc/resolv.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"</command>
    114143search yourdomain.com
    115144nameserver 127.0.0.1
    116 <userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
     145<command>>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
    117146
    118147<para>Set permissions on the chroot jail with the following
    119148command:</para>
    120 <para><screen><userinput>chown -R named.named /home/named</userinput></screen></para>
    121 
    122 <para>Create the BIND boot script:</para>
    123 <para><screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind &lt;&lt; "EOF"</userinput>
     149
     150<screen><userinput><command>chown -R named.named /home/named</command></userinput></screen>
     151
     152<para>Create the <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application>
     153boot script:</para>
     154
     155<screen><userinput><command>cat &gt; /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind &lt;&lt; "EOF"</command>
    124156#!/bin/bash
    125157# Begin $rc_base/init.d/bind
    … …  
    157189esac
    158190# End $rc_base/init.d/bind
    159 <userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
     191<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
    160192
    161193<para>Add the run level symlinks:</para>
    162 <para><screen><userinput>chmod 754 /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind &amp;&amp;
     194
     195<screen><userinput><command>chmod 754 /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind &amp;&amp;
    163196ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K49bind &amp;&amp;
    164197ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc1.d/K49bind &amp;&amp;
    … …  
    167200ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc4.d/S22bind &amp;&amp;
    168201ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S22bind &amp;&amp;
    169 ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K49bind</userinput></screen></para>
    170 
    171 <para>Now start BIND with the new boot script: </para>
    172 <para><screen><userinput>/etc/rc.d/init.d/bind start</userinput></screen></para></sect3>
    173 
    174 <sect3><title>Testing BIND</title>
    175 <para>Test out the new BIND 9 installation.  First query the local
    176 host address with <command>dig</command>:</para>
    177 <para><screen><userinput>dig -x 127.0.0.1</userinput></screen></para>
     202ln -s  /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K49bind</command></userinput></screen>
     203
     204<para>Now start <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application> with
     205the new boot script:</para>
     206
     207<screen><userinput><command>/etc/rc.d/init.d/bind start</command></userinput></screen>
     208
     209</sect3>
     210
     211<sect3><title>Testing <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application></title>
     212
     213<para>Test out the new
     214<application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application> 9 installation. First
     215query the local host address with <command>dig</command>:</para>
     216
     217<screen><userinput><command>dig -x 127.0.0.1</command></userinput></screen>
     218
    178219<para>Now try an external name lookup, taking note of the speed
    179 difference in repeated lookups due to the caching.  Run the dig
    180 command twice on the same address:</para>
    181 <para><screen><userinput>dig beyond.linuxfromscratch.org &amp;&amp;
    182 dig beyond.linuxfromscratch.org</userinput></screen>
    183 You can see almost instantaneous results with the named caching
    184 lookups.  Consult
    185 <filename>bind-&bind-version;/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.html</filename>, the BIND
    186 Administrator Reference Manual for further configuration options.
    187 </para></sect3>
     220difference in repeated lookups due to the caching. Run the dig command
     221twice on the same address:</para>
     222
     223<para><screen><userinput><command>dig beyond.linuxfromscratch.org &amp;&amp;
     224dig beyond.linuxfromscratch.org</command></userinput></screen>
     225You can see almost instantaneous results with the named caching lookups.
     226Consult <filename>bind-&bind-version;/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.html</filename>,
     227the <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application> Administrator
     228Reference Manual for further configuration options.</para>
     229
     230</sect3>
     231
    188232</sect2>
    189 
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