source: chapter06/coreutils.xml@ 0aa4782

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Last change on this file since 0aa4782 was 0aa4782, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 9 years ago

Update to iproute2-4.1.0.
Update to texinfo-6.0.
Update to linux-4.1.1.
Update to coreutils-8.24.
Update perl installed files.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@10924 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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[673b0d8]1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
[b06ca36]2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
[673b0d8]4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
[8ef8304]7
[81fd230]8<sect1 id="ch-system-coreutils" role="wrap">
[8ef8304]9 <?dbhtml filename="coreutils.html"?>
10
[e747759]11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>coreutils</productname>
13 <productnumber>&coreutils-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&coreutils-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
[8ef8304]17 <title>Coreutils-&coreutils-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils">
20 <primary sortas="a-Coreutils">Coreutils</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
[673b0d8]25
[8ef8304]26 <para>The Coreutils package contains utilities for showing and setting the
27 basic system characteristics.</para>
[bc82645e]28
[8ef8304]29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
[5888299]32
[8ef8304]33 <seglistitem>
[e4a5635]34 <seg>&coreutils-ch6-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&coreutils-ch6-du;</seg>
[8ef8304]36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
[673b0d8]38
[8ef8304]39 </sect2>
40
41 <sect2 role="installation">
42 <title>Installation of Coreutils</title>
[523725c]43<!--
[b17411e]44 <para>First, fix a segfault in <command>shuf</command> program:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-shuf-segfault-patch;</userinput></screen>
[523725c]47-->
[b17411e]48
[324209d]49 <para>POSIX requires that programs from Coreutils recognize character
[523725c]50 boundaries correctly even in multibyte locales. The following patch fixes
51 this non-compliance and other internationalization-related bugs.
[0aa4782]52 <!--Afterwards make sure the timestamp for <filename>Makefile.in</filename> is
[523725c]53 later than all other files to prevent a <command>make</command>
[0aa4782]54 error:</para>-->
55 Afterwards disable a test that fails with the current version of perl.</para>
[fa21b3d]56
[b304545]57<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-i18n-patch;
[0aa4782]58sed -i '/tests\/misc\/sort.pl/ d' Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
59
60<!--touch Makefile.in</userinput></screen>-->
[fa21b3d]61
[8ef8304]62 <note>
63 <para>In the past, many bugs were found in this patch. When reporting new
64 bugs to Coreutils maintainers, please check first if they are reproducible
65 without this patch.</para>
[324209d]66 </note>
[fa21b3d]67
[8ef8304]68 <para>Now prepare Coreutils for compilation:</para>
[73aedd1d]69
[8335e5c]70<screen><userinput remap="configure">FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE=1 ./configure \
[bdde021]71 --prefix=/usr \
[bd899fb]72 --enable-no-install-program=kill,uptime</userinput></screen>
[615a565]73
74 <variablelist>
75 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
76
[96e9f0b]77 <varlistentry>
78 <term><envar>FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE=1</envar></term>
79 <listitem>
80 <para>This environment variable allows the package to be
81 built as the root user.
82 </para>
83 </listitem>
84 </varlistentry>
85
[615a565]86 <varlistentry>
[f44fff6]87 <term><parameter>--enable-no-install-program=kill,uptime</parameter></term>
[615a565]88 <listitem>
89 <para>The purpose of this switch is to prevent Coreutils from
90 installing binaries that will be installed by other packages later.
91 </para>
92 </listitem>
93 </varlistentry>
94 </variablelist>
[73aedd1d]95
[8ef8304]96 <para>Compile the package:</para>
[73aedd1d]97
[0445a3d]98<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
[73aedd1d]99
[f4c628c]100 <para>Skip down to <quote>Install the
[8ef8304]101 package</quote> if not running the test suite.</para>
[81fd230]102
[8ef8304]103 <para>Now the test suite is ready to be run. First, run the tests that are
104 meant to be run as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>:</para>
[73aedd1d]105
[1368302]106<screen><userinput remap="test">make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=nobody check-root</userinput></screen>
[73aedd1d]107
[a3b689f]108 <para>We're going to run the remainder of the tests as the
[9e85ca2]109 <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> user. Certain tests,
110 however, require that the user be a member of more than one group. So that
111 these tests are not skipped we'll add a temporary group and make the
112 user <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> a part of it:</para>
113
[0445a3d]114<screen><userinput remap="test">echo "dummy:x:1000:nobody" &gt;&gt; /etc/group</userinput></screen>
[9e85ca2]115
[615a565]116 <para>Fix some of the permissions so that the non-root user can compile and
117 run the tests:</para>
118
[ba33377]119<screen><userinput remap="test">chown -Rv nobody . </userinput></screen>
[615a565]120
[f0f7ea0]121 <para>Now run the tests. Make sure the PATH in the <userinput>su</userinput>
[523725c]122 environment includes /tools/bin.</para>
[73aedd1d]123
[ea31e92]124<screen><userinput remap="test">su nobody -s /bin/bash \
[49144a2]125 -c "PATH=$PATH make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"</userinput></screen>
[73aedd1d]126
[96e9f0b]127 <para>The stty-pairs test is known to fail on a virtual console, but
128 passes if run in a X terminal.</para>
129
[9e85ca2]130 <para>Remove the temporary group:</para>
131
[0445a3d]132<screen><userinput remap="test">sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/group</userinput></screen>
[9e85ca2]133
[8ef8304]134 <para>Install the package:</para>
[73aedd1d]135
[0445a3d]136<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
[73aedd1d]137
[8ef8304]138 <para>Move programs to the locations specified by the FHS:</para>
[73aedd1d]139
[0445a3d]140<screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date,dd,df,echo} /bin
[85acbcbb]141mv -v /usr/bin/{false,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,rm} /bin
[88b27a6]142mv -v /usr/bin/{rmdir,stty,sync,true,uname} /bin
[52318649]143mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin
144mv -v /usr/share/man/man1/chroot.1 /usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8
145sed -i s/\"1\"/\"8\"/1 /usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8</userinput></screen>
[73aedd1d]146
[8ef8304]147 <para>Some of the scripts in the LFS-Bootscripts package depend on
[b540268]148 <command>head</command>, <command>sleep</command>, and
149 <command>nice</command>. As <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
150 may not be available during the early stages of booting, those binaries
151 need to be on the root partition:</para>
[73aedd1d]152
[88b27a6]153<screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/bin/{head,sleep,nice,test,[} /bin</userinput></screen>
[73aedd1d]154
[8ef8304]155 </sect2>
156
157 <sect2 id="contents-coreutils" role="content">
158 <title>Contents of Coreutils</title>
159
160 <segmentedlist>
161 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
[9d42ad9]162 <segtitle>Installed library</segtitle>
[fe05b08]163 <segtitle>Installed directory</segtitle>
[8ef8304]164
165 <seglistitem>
[7725e5c]166 <seg>[, base64, basename, cat, chcon, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot, cksum,
[c5b9277]167 comm, cp, csplit, cut, date, dd, df, dir, dircolors, dirname, du, echo,
168 env, expand, expr, factor, false, fmt, fold, groups, head, hostid,
[d9dc49a]169 id, install, join, link, ln, logname, ls, md5sum, mkdir, mkfifo, mknod,
[f6b1d91]170 mktemp, mv, nice, nl, nohup, nproc, numfmt, od, paste, pathchk, pinky, pr,
[02213b9]171 printenv, printf, ptx, pwd, readlink, realpath, rm, rmdir, runcon, seq,
[2ca8941]172 sha1sum, sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum, sha512sum, shred, shuf, sleep,
[7725e5c]173 sort, split, stat, stdbuf, stty, sum, sync, tac, tail, tee, test,
[02213b9]174 timeout, touch, tr, true, truncate, tsort, tty, uname, unexpand, uniq,
175 unlink, users, vdir, wc, who, whoami, and yes</seg>
[9d42ad9]176 <seg>libstdbuf.so</seg>
[4e8a532]177 <seg>/usr/libexec/coreutils</seg>
[8ef8304]178 </seglistitem>
179 </segmentedlist>
180
181 <variablelist>
182 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
183 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
184 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
185
[d9dc49a]186 <varlistentry id="base64">
187 <term><command>base64</command></term>
188 <listitem>
189 <para>Encodes and decodes data according to the base64 (RFC 3548)
190 specification</para>
191 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils base64">
[79f9e00]192 <primary sortas="b-base64">base64</primary>
[d9dc49a]193 </indexterm>
194 </listitem>
195 </varlistentry>
196
[8ef8304]197 <varlistentry id="basename">
198 <term><command>basename</command></term>
199 <listitem>
200 <para>Strips any path and a given suffix from a file name</para>
201 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils basename">
202 <primary sortas="b-basename">basename</primary>
203 </indexterm>
204 </listitem>
205 </varlistentry>
206
207 <varlistentry id="cat">
208 <term><command>cat</command></term>
209 <listitem>
210 <para>Concatenates files to standard output</para>
211 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cat">
212 <primary sortas="b-cat">cat</primary>
213 </indexterm>
214 </listitem>
215 </varlistentry>
216
[c5b9277]217 <varlistentry id="chcon">
218 <term><command>chcon</command></term>
219 <listitem>
[90aae6b]220 <para>Changes security context for files and directories</para>
[c5b9277]221 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chcon">
222 <primary sortas="b-chcon">chcon</primary>
223 </indexterm>
224 </listitem>
225 </varlistentry>
226
[8ef8304]227 <varlistentry id="chgrp">
228 <term><command>chgrp</command></term>
229 <listitem>
230 <para>Changes the group ownership of files and directories</para>
231 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chgrp">
232 <primary sortas="b-chgrp">chgrp</primary>
233 </indexterm>
234 </listitem>
235 </varlistentry>
236
237 <varlistentry id="chmod">
238 <term><command>chmod</command></term>
239 <listitem>
240 <para>Changes the permissions of each file to the given mode; the mode
241 can be either a symbolic representation of the changes to make or an
242 octal number representing the new permissions</para>
243 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chmod">
244 <primary sortas="b-chmod">chmod</primary>
245 </indexterm>
246 </listitem>
247 </varlistentry>
248
249 <varlistentry id="chown">
250 <term><command>chown</command></term>
251 <listitem>
252 <para>Changes the user and/or group ownership of files and
253 directories</para>
254 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chown">
255 <primary sortas="b-chown">chown</primary>
256 </indexterm>
257 </listitem>
258 </varlistentry>
259
260 <varlistentry id="chroot">
261 <term><command>chroot</command></term>
262 <listitem>
263 <para>Runs a command with the specified directory as the
264 <filename class="directory">/</filename> directory</para>
265 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chroot">
266 <primary sortas="b-chroot">chroot</primary>
267 </indexterm>
268 </listitem>
269 </varlistentry>
270
271 <varlistentry id="cksum">
272 <term><command>cksum</command></term>
273 <listitem>
274 <para>Prints the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) checksum and the byte
275 counts of each specified file</para>
276 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cksum">
277 <primary sortas="b-cksum">cksum</primary>
278 </indexterm>
279 </listitem>
280 </varlistentry>
281
282 <varlistentry id="comm">
283 <term><command>comm</command></term>
284 <listitem>
285 <para>Compares two sorted files, outputting in three columns the lines
286 that are unique and the lines that are common</para>
287 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils comm">
288 <primary sortas="b-comm">comm</primary>
289 </indexterm>
290 </listitem>
291 </varlistentry>
292
293 <varlistentry id="cp">
294 <term><command>cp</command></term>
295 <listitem>
296 <para>Copies files</para>
297 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cp">
298 <primary sortas="b-cp">cp</primary>
299 </indexterm>
300 </listitem>
301 </varlistentry>
302
303 <varlistentry id="csplit">
304 <term><command>csplit</command></term>
305 <listitem>
306 <para>Splits a given file into several new files, separating them
307 according to given patterns or line numbers and outputting the byte
308 count of each new file</para>
309 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils csplit">
310 <primary sortas="b-csplit">csplit</primary>
311 </indexterm>
312 </listitem>
313 </varlistentry>
314
315 <varlistentry id="cut">
316 <term><command>cut</command></term>
317 <listitem>
318 <para>Prints sections of lines, selecting the parts according to given
319 fields or positions</para>
320 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cut">
321 <primary sortas="b-cut">cut</primary>
322 </indexterm>
323 </listitem>
324 </varlistentry>
325
326 <varlistentry id="date">
327 <term><command>date</command></term>
328 <listitem>
329 <para>Displays the current time in the given format, or sets the
330 system date</para>
331 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils date">
332 <primary sortas="b-date">date</primary>
333 </indexterm>
334 </listitem>
335 </varlistentry>
336
337 <varlistentry id="dd">
338 <term><command>dd</command> </term>
339 <listitem>
340 <para>Copies a file using the given block size and count, while
341 optionally performing conversions on it</para>
342 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dd">
343 <primary sortas="b-dd">dd</primary>
344 </indexterm>
345 </listitem>
346 </varlistentry>
347
348 <varlistentry id="df">
349 <term><command>df</command></term>
350 <listitem>
351 <para>Reports the amount of disk space available (and used) on all
352 mounted file systems, or only on the file systems holding the selected
353 files</para>
354 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils df">
355 <primary sortas="b-df">df</primary>
356 </indexterm>
357 </listitem>
358 </varlistentry>
359
360 <varlistentry id="dir">
361 <term><command>dir</command></term>
362 <listitem>
363 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory (the same as
364 the <command>ls</command> command)</para>
365 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dir">
366 <primary sortas="b-dir">dir</primary>
367 </indexterm>
368 </listitem>
369 </varlistentry>
370
371 <varlistentry id="dircolors">
372 <term><command>dircolors</command></term>
373 <listitem>
374 <para>Outputs commands to set the <envar>LS_COLOR</envar>
375 environment variable to change the color scheme used by
376 <command>ls</command></para>
377 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dircolors">
378 <primary sortas="b-dircolors">dircolors</primary>
379 </indexterm>
380 </listitem>
381 </varlistentry>
382
383 <varlistentry id="dirname">
384 <term><command>dirname</command></term>
385 <listitem>
386 <para>Strips the non-directory suffix from a file name</para>
387 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dirname">
388 <primary sortas="b-dirname">dirname</primary>
389 </indexterm>
390 </listitem>
391 </varlistentry>
392
393 <varlistentry id="du">
394 <term><command>du</command></term>
395 <listitem>
396 <para>Reports the amount of disk space used by the current directory,
397 by each of the given directories (including all subdirectories) or by
398 each of the given files</para>
399 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils du">
400 <primary sortas="b-du">du</primary>
401 </indexterm>
402 </listitem>
403 </varlistentry>
404
405 <varlistentry id="echo">
406 <term><command>echo</command></term>
407 <listitem>
408 <para>Displays the given strings</para>
409 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils echo">
410 <primary sortas="b-echo">echo</primary>
411 </indexterm>
412 </listitem>
413 </varlistentry>
414
415 <varlistentry id="env">
416 <term><command>env</command></term>
417 <listitem>
418 <para>Runs a command in a modified environment</para>
419 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils env">
420 <primary sortas="b-env">env</primary>
421 </indexterm>
422 </listitem>
423 </varlistentry>
424
425 <varlistentry id="expand">
426 <term><command>expand</command></term>
427 <listitem>
428 <para>Converts tabs to spaces</para>
429 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expand">
430 <primary sortas="b-expand">expand</primary>
431 </indexterm>
432 </listitem>
433 </varlistentry>
434
435 <varlistentry id="expr">
436 <term><command>expr</command></term>
437 <listitem>
438 <para>Evaluates expressions</para>
439 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expr">
440 <primary sortas="b-expr">expr</primary>
441 </indexterm>
442 </listitem>
443 </varlistentry>
444
445 <varlistentry id="factor">
446 <term><command>factor</command></term>
447 <listitem>
448 <para>Prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers</para>
449 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils factor">
450 <primary sortas="b-factor">factor</primary>
451 </indexterm>
452 </listitem>
453 </varlistentry>
454
455 <varlistentry id="false">
456 <term><command>false</command></term>
457 <listitem>
458 <para>Does nothing, unsuccessfully; it always exits with a status code
459 indicating failure</para>
460 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils false">
461 <primary sortas="b-false">false</primary>
462 </indexterm>
463 </listitem>
464 </varlistentry>
465
466 <varlistentry id="fmt">
467 <term><command>fmt</command></term>
468 <listitem>
469 <para>Reformats the paragraphs in the given files</para>
470 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fmt">
471 <primary sortas="b-fmt">fmt</primary>
472 </indexterm>
473 </listitem>
474 </varlistentry>
475
476 <varlistentry id="fold">
477 <term><command>fold</command></term>
478 <listitem>
479 <para>Wraps the lines in the given files</para>
480 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fold">
481 <primary sortas="b-fold">fold</primary>
482 </indexterm>
483 </listitem>
484 </varlistentry>
485
486 <varlistentry id="groups">
487 <term><command>groups</command></term>
488 <listitem>
489 <para>Reports a user's group memberships</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils groups">
491 <primary sortas="b-groups">groups</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="head">
497 <term><command>head</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Prints the first ten lines (or the given number of lines)
500 of each given file</para>
501 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils head">
502 <primary sortas="b-head">head</primary>
503 </indexterm>
504 </listitem>
505 </varlistentry>
506
507 <varlistentry id="hostid">
508 <term><command>hostid</command></term>
509 <listitem>
510 <para>Reports the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) of the host</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostid">
512 <primary sortas="b-hostid">hostid</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="id">
518 <term><command>id</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>Reports the effective user ID, group ID, and group memberships
521 of the current user or specified user</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils id">
523 <primary sortas="b-id">id</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="install">
529 <term><command>install</command> </term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Copies files while setting their permission modes and, if
532 possible, their owner and group</para>
533 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils install">
534 <primary sortas="b-install">install</primary>
535 </indexterm>
536 </listitem>
537 </varlistentry>
538
539 <varlistentry id="join">
540 <term><command>join</command></term>
541 <listitem>
542 <para>Joins the lines that have identical join fields from two
543 separate files</para>
544 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils join">
545 <primary sortas="b-join">join</primary>
546 </indexterm>
547 </listitem>
548 </varlistentry>
549
550 <varlistentry id="link">
551 <term><command>link</command></term>
552 <listitem>
553 <para>Creates a hard link with the given name to a file</para>
554 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils link">
555 <primary sortas="b-link">link</primary>
556 </indexterm>
557 </listitem>
558 </varlistentry>
559
560 <varlistentry id="ln">
561 <term><command>ln</command></term>
562 <listitem>
563 <para>Makes hard links or soft (symbolic) links between files</para>
564 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ln">
565 <primary sortas="b-ln">ln</primary>
566 </indexterm>
567 </listitem>
568 </varlistentry>
569
570 <varlistentry id="logname">
571 <term><command>logname</command></term>
572 <listitem>
573 <para>Reports the current user's login name</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils logname">
575 <primary sortas="b-logname">logname</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="ls">
581 <term><command>ls</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ls">
585 <primary sortas="b-ls">ls</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="md5sum">
591 <term><command>md5sum</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Reports or checks Message Digest 5 (MD5) checksums</para>
594 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils md5sum">
595 <primary sortas="b-md5sum">md5sum</primary>
596 </indexterm>
597 </listitem>
598 </varlistentry>
599
600 <varlistentry id="mkdir">
601 <term><command>mkdir</command></term>
602 <listitem>
603 <para>Creates directories with the given names</para>
604 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkdir">
605 <primary sortas="b-mkdir">mkdir</primary>
606 </indexterm>
607 </listitem>
608 </varlistentry>
609
610 <varlistentry id="mkfifo">
611 <term><command>mkfifo</command></term>
612 <listitem>
[7bb9fda]613 <para>Creates First-In, First-Outs (FIFOs), a "named
614 pipe" in UNIX parlance, with the given names</para>
[8ef8304]615 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkfifo">
616 <primary sortas="b-mkfifo">mkfifo</primary>
617 </indexterm>
618 </listitem>
619 </varlistentry>
620
621 <varlistentry id="mknod">
622 <term><command>mknod</command></term>
623 <listitem>
624 <para>Creates device nodes with the given names; a device node is a
625 character special file, a block special file, or a FIFO</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mknod">
627 <primary sortas="b-mknod">mknod</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
[a5933e2]632 <varlistentry id="mktemp">
633 <term><command>mktemp</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>Creates temporary files in a secure manner; it is used in scripts</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mktemp">
637 <primary sortas="b-mktemp">mktemp</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
[8ef8304]642 <varlistentry id="mv">
643 <term><command>mv</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Moves or renames files or directories</para>
646 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mv">
647 <primary sortas="b-mv">mv</primary>
648 </indexterm>
649 </listitem>
650 </varlistentry>
651
652 <varlistentry id="nice">
653 <term><command>nice</command></term>
654 <listitem>
655 <para>Runs a program with modified scheduling priority</para>
656 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nice">
657 <primary sortas="b-nice">nice</primary>
658 </indexterm>
659 </listitem>
660 </varlistentry>
661
662 <varlistentry id="nl">
663 <term><command>nl</command></term>
664 <listitem>
665 <para>Numbers the lines from the given files</para>
666 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nl">
667 <primary sortas="b-nl">nl</primary>
668 </indexterm>
669 </listitem>
670 </varlistentry>
671
672 <varlistentry id="nohup">
673 <term><command>nohup</command></term>
674 <listitem>
675 <para>Runs a command immune to hangups, with its output redirected to
676 a log file</para>
677 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nohup">
678 <primary sortas="b-nohup">nohup</primary>
679 </indexterm>
680 </listitem>
681 </varlistentry>
682
[fb55e1f]683 <varlistentry id="nproc">
684 <term><command>nproc</command></term>
685 <listitem>
686 <para>Prints the number of processing units available to a
687 process</para>
688 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nproc">
689 <primary sortas="b-nproc">nproc</primary>
690 </indexterm>
691 </listitem>
692 </varlistentry>
693
[f6b1d91]694 <varlistentry id="numfmt">
695 <term><command>numfmt</command></term>
696 <listitem>
697 <para>Converts numbers to or from human-readable strings</para>
698 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils numfmt">
699 <primary sortas="b-numfmt">numfmt</primary>
700 </indexterm>
701 </listitem>
702 </varlistentry>
703
[8ef8304]704 <varlistentry id="od">
705 <term><command>od</command></term>
706 <listitem>
707 <para>Dumps files in octal and other formats</para>
708 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils od">
709 <primary sortas="b-od">od</primary>
710 </indexterm>
711 </listitem>
712 </varlistentry>
713
714 <varlistentry id="paste">
715 <term><command>paste</command></term>
716 <listitem>
717 <para>Merges the given files, joining sequentially corresponding lines
718 side by side, separated by tab characters</para>
719 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils paste">
720 <primary sortas="b-paste">paste</primary>
721 </indexterm>
722 </listitem>
723 </varlistentry>
724
725 <varlistentry id="pathchk">
726 <term><command>pathchk</command></term>
727 <listitem>
728 <para>Checks if file names are valid or portable</para>
729 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pathchk">
730 <primary sortas="b-pathchk">pathchk</primary>
731 </indexterm>
732 </listitem>
733 </varlistentry>
734
735 <varlistentry id="pinky">
736 <term><command>pinky</command></term>
737 <listitem>
738 <para>Is a lightweight finger client; it reports some information
739 about the given users</para>
740 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pinky">
741 <primary sortas="b-pinky">pinky</primary>
742 </indexterm>
743 </listitem>
744 </varlistentry>
745
746 <varlistentry id="pr">
747 <term><command>pr</command></term>
748 <listitem>
749 <para>Paginates and columnates files for printing</para>
750 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pr">
751 <primary sortas="b-pr">pr</primary>
752 </indexterm>
753 </listitem>
754 </varlistentry>
755
756 <varlistentry id="printenv">
757 <term><command>printenv</command></term>
758 <listitem>
759 <para>Prints the environment</para>
760 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printenv">
761 <primary sortas="b-printenv">printenv</primary>
762 </indexterm>
763 </listitem>
764 </varlistentry>
765
766 <varlistentry id="printf">
767 <term><command>printf</command></term>
768 <listitem>
769 <para>Prints the given arguments according to the given format, much
770 like the C printf function</para>
771 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printf">
772 <primary sortas="b-printf">printf</primary>
773 </indexterm>
774 </listitem>
775 </varlistentry>
776
777 <varlistentry id="ptx">
778 <term><command>ptx</command></term>
779 <listitem>
780 <para>Produces a permuted index from the contents of the given files,
781 with each keyword in its context</para>
782 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ptx">
783 <primary sortas="b-ptx">ptx</primary>
784 </indexterm>
785 </listitem>
786 </varlistentry>
787
788 <varlistentry id="pwd">
789 <term><command>pwd</command></term>
790 <listitem>
791 <para>Reports the name of the current working directory</para>
792 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pwd">
793 <primary sortas="b-pwd">pwd</primary>
794 </indexterm>
795 </listitem>
796 </varlistentry>
797
798 <varlistentry id="readlink">
799 <term><command>readlink</command></term>
800 <listitem>
801 <para>Reports the value of the given symbolic link</para>
802 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils readlink">
803 <primary sortas="b-readlink">readlink</primary>
804 </indexterm>
805 </listitem>
806 </varlistentry>
807
[02213b9]808 <varlistentry id="realpath">
809 <term><command>realpath</command></term>
810 <listitem>
811 <para>Prints the resolved path</para>
812 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils realpath">
813 <primary sortas="b-realpath">realpath</primary>
814 </indexterm>
815 </listitem>
816 </varlistentry>
817
[8ef8304]818 <varlistentry id="rm">
819 <term><command>rm</command></term>
820 <listitem>
821 <para>Removes files or directories</para>
822 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rm">
823 <primary sortas="b-rm">rm</primary>
824 </indexterm>
825 </listitem>
826 </varlistentry>
827
828 <varlistentry id="rmdir">
829 <term><command>rmdir</command></term>
830 <listitem>
831 <para>Removes directories if they are empty</para>
832 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rmdir">
833 <primary sortas="b-rmdir">rmdir</primary>
834 </indexterm>
835 </listitem>
836 </varlistentry>
837
[c5b9277]838 <varlistentry id="runcon">
839 <term><command>runcon</command></term>
840 <listitem>
[90aae6b]841 <para>Runs a command with specified security context</para>
[c5b9277]842 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils runcon">
843 <primary sortas="b-runcon">runcon</primary>
844 </indexterm>
845 </listitem>
846 </varlistentry>
847
[8ef8304]848 <varlistentry id="seq">
849 <term><command>seq</command></term>
850 <listitem>
851 <para>Prints a sequence of numbers within a given range and with a
852 given increment</para>
853 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils seq">
854 <primary sortas="b-seq">seq</primary>
855 </indexterm>
856 </listitem>
857 </varlistentry>
858
859 <varlistentry id="sha1sum">
860 <term><command>sha1sum</command></term>
861 <listitem>
862 <para>Prints or checks 160-bit Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1)
863 checksums</para>
864 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha1sum">
865 <primary sortas="b-sha1sum">sha1sum</primary>
866 </indexterm>
867 </listitem>
868 </varlistentry>
869
[d9dc49a]870 <varlistentry id="sha224sum">
871 <term><command>sha224sum</command></term>
872 <listitem>
873 <para>Prints or checks 224-bit Secure Hash Algorithm checksums</para>
874 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha224sum">
875 <primary sortas="b-sha224sum">sha224sum</primary>
876 </indexterm>
877 </listitem>
878 </varlistentry>
879
880 <varlistentry id="sha256sum">
881 <term><command>sha256sum</command></term>
882 <listitem>
883 <para>Prints or checks 256-bit Secure Hash Algorithm checksums</para>
884 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha256sum">
885 <primary sortas="b-sha256sum">sha256sum</primary>
886 </indexterm>
887 </listitem>
888 </varlistentry>
889
890 <varlistentry id="sha384sum">
891 <term><command>sha384sum</command></term>
892 <listitem>
893 <para>Prints or checks 384-bit Secure Hash Algorithm checksums</para>
894 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha384sum">
895 <primary sortas="b-sha384sum">sha384sum</primary>
896 </indexterm>
897 </listitem>
898 </varlistentry>
899
900 <varlistentry id="sha512sum">
901 <term><command>sha512sum</command></term>
902 <listitem>
903 <para>Prints or checks 512-bit Secure Hash Algorithm checksums</para>
904 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha512sum">
905 <primary sortas="b-sha512sum">sha512sum</primary>
906 </indexterm>
907 </listitem>
908 </varlistentry>
909
[8ef8304]910 <varlistentry id="shred">
911 <term><command>shred</command></term>
912 <listitem>
913 <para>Overwrites the given files repeatedly with complex patterns,
914 making it difficult to recover the data</para>
915 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shred">
916 <primary sortas="b-shred">shred</primary>
917 </indexterm>
918 </listitem>
919 </varlistentry>
920
[d9dc49a]921 <varlistentry id="shuf">
922 <term><command>shuf</command></term>
923 <listitem>
924 <para>Shuffles lines of text</para>
925 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shuf">
926 <primary sortas="b-shuf">shuf</primary>
927 </indexterm>
928 </listitem>
929 </varlistentry>
930
[8ef8304]931 <varlistentry id="sleep">
932 <term><command>sleep</command></term>
933 <listitem>
934 <para>Pauses for the given amount of time</para>
935 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sleep">
936 <primary sortas="b-sleep">sleep</primary>
937 </indexterm>
938 </listitem>
939 </varlistentry>
940
941 <varlistentry id="sort">
942 <term><command>sort</command></term>
943 <listitem>
944 <para>Sorts the lines from the given files</para>
945 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sort">
946 <primary sortas="b-sort">sort</primary>
947 </indexterm>
948 </listitem>
949 </varlistentry>
950
951 <varlistentry id="split">
952 <term><command>split</command></term>
953 <listitem>
954 <para>Splits the given file into pieces, by size or by number of
955 lines</para>
956 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils split">
957 <primary sortas="b-split">split</primary>
958 </indexterm>
959 </listitem>
960 </varlistentry>
961
962 <varlistentry id="stat">
963 <term><command>stat</command></term>
964 <listitem>
965 <para>Displays file or filesystem status</para>
966 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stat">
967 <primary sortas="b-stat">stat</primary>
968 </indexterm>
969 </listitem>
970 </varlistentry>
971
[da1a7d6]972 <varlistentry id="stdbuf">
973 <term><command>stdbuf</command></term>
974 <listitem>
975 <para>Runs commands with altered buffering operations for its standard
976 streams</para>
977 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stdbuf">
978 <primary sortas="b-stdbuf">stdbuf</primary>
979 </indexterm>
980 </listitem>
981 </varlistentry>
982
[8ef8304]983 <varlistentry id="stty">
984 <term><command>stty</command></term>
985 <listitem>
986 <para>Sets or reports terminal line settings</para>
987 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stty">
988 <primary sortas="b-stty">stty</primary>
989 </indexterm>
990 </listitem>
991 </varlistentry>
992
993 <varlistentry id="sum">
994 <term><command>sum</command></term>
995 <listitem>
996 <para>Prints checksum and block counts for each given file</para>
997 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sum">
998 <primary sortas="b-sum">sum</primary>
999 </indexterm>
1000 </listitem>
1001 </varlistentry>
1002
1003 <varlistentry id="sync">
1004 <term><command>sync</command></term>
1005 <listitem>
1006 <para>Flushes file system buffers; it forces changed blocks to disk
1007 and updates the super block</para>
1008 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sync">
1009 <primary sortas="b-sync">sync</primary>
1010 </indexterm>
1011 </listitem>
1012 </varlistentry>
1013
1014 <varlistentry id="tac">
1015 <term><command>tac</command></term>
1016 <listitem>
1017 <para>Concatenates the given files in reverse</para>
1018 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tac">
1019 <primary sortas="b-tac">tac</primary>
1020 </indexterm>
1021 </listitem>
1022 </varlistentry>
1023
1024 <varlistentry id="tail">
1025 <term><command>tail</command></term>
1026 <listitem>
1027 <para>Prints the last ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each
1028 given file</para>
1029 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tail">
1030 <primary sortas="b-tail">tail</primary>
1031 </indexterm>
1032 </listitem>
1033 </varlistentry>
1034
1035 <varlistentry id="tee">
1036 <term><command>tee</command></term>
1037 <listitem>
1038 <para>Reads from standard input while writing both to standard output
1039 and to the given files</para>
1040 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tee">
1041 <primary sortas="b-tee">tee</primary>
1042 </indexterm>
1043 </listitem>
1044 </varlistentry>
1045
1046 <varlistentry id="test">
1047 <term><command>test</command></term>
1048 <listitem>
1049 <para>Compares values and checks file types</para>
1050 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils test">
1051 <primary sortas="b-test">test</primary>
1052 </indexterm>
1053 </listitem>
1054 </varlistentry>
1055
[90aae6b]1056 <varlistentry id="timeout">
1057 <term><command>timeout</command></term>
1058 <listitem>
1059 <para>Runs a command with a time limit</para>
1060 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils timeout">
1061 <primary sortas="b-timeout">timeout</primary>
1062 </indexterm>
1063 </listitem>
1064 </varlistentry>
1065
[8ef8304]1066 <varlistentry id="touch">
1067 <term><command>touch</command></term>
1068 <listitem>
1069 <para>Changes file timestamps, setting the access and modification
1070 times of the given files to the current time; files that do not exist
1071 are created with zero length</para>
1072 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils touch">
1073 <primary sortas="b-touch">touch</primary>
1074 </indexterm>
1075 </listitem>
1076 </varlistentry>
1077
1078 <varlistentry id="tr">
1079 <term><command>tr</command></term>
1080 <listitem>
1081 <para>Translates, squeezes, and deletes the given characters from
1082 standard input</para>
1083 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tr">
1084 <primary sortas="b-tr">tr</primary>
1085 </indexterm>
1086 </listitem>
1087 </varlistentry>
1088
1089 <varlistentry id="true">
1090 <term><command>true</command></term>
1091 <listitem>
1092 <para>Does nothing, successfully; it always exits with a status code
1093 indicating success</para>
1094 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils true">
1095 <primary sortas="b-true">true</primary>
1096 </indexterm>
1097 </listitem>
1098 </varlistentry>
1099
[c5b9277]1100 <varlistentry id="truncate">
1101 <term><command>truncate</command></term>
1102 <listitem>
[90aae6b]1103 <para>Shrinks or expands a file to the specified size</para>
[c5b9277]1104 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils truncate">
1105 <primary sortas="b-truncate">truncate</primary>
1106 </indexterm>
1107 </listitem>
1108 </varlistentry>
1109
[8ef8304]1110 <varlistentry id="tsort">
1111 <term><command>tsort</command></term>
1112 <listitem>
1113 <para>Performs a topological sort; it writes a completely ordered list
1114 according to the partial ordering in a given file</para>
1115 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tsort">
1116 <primary sortas="b-tsort">tsort</primary>
1117 </indexterm>
1118 </listitem>
1119 </varlistentry>
1120
1121 <varlistentry id="tty">
1122 <term><command>tty</command></term>
1123 <listitem>
1124 <para>Reports the file name of the terminal connected to standard
1125 input</para>
1126 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tty">
1127 <primary sortas="b-tty">tty</primary>
1128 </indexterm>
1129 </listitem>
1130 </varlistentry>
1131
1132 <varlistentry id="uname">
1133 <term><command>uname</command></term>
1134 <listitem>
1135 <para>Reports system information</para>
1136 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uname">
1137 <primary sortas="b-uname">uname</primary>
1138 </indexterm>
1139 </listitem>
1140 </varlistentry>
1141
1142 <varlistentry id="unexpand">
1143 <term><command>unexpand</command></term>
1144 <listitem>
1145 <para>Converts spaces to tabs</para>
1146 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unexpand">
1147 <primary sortas="b-unexpand">unexpand</primary>
1148 </indexterm>
1149 </listitem>
1150 </varlistentry>
1151
1152 <varlistentry id="uniq">
1153 <term><command>uniq</command></term>
1154 <listitem>
1155 <para>Discards all but one of successive identical lines</para>
1156 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uniq">
1157 <primary sortas="b-uniq">uniq</primary>
1158 </indexterm>
1159 </listitem>
1160 </varlistentry>
1161
1162 <varlistentry id="unlink">
1163 <term><command>unlink</command></term>
1164 <listitem>
1165 <para>Removes the given file</para>
1166 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unlink">
1167 <primary sortas="b-unlink">unlink</primary>
1168 </indexterm>
1169 </listitem>
1170 </varlistentry>
1171
1172 <varlistentry id="users">
1173 <term><command>users</command></term>
1174 <listitem>
1175 <para>Reports the names of the users currently logged on</para>
1176 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils users">
1177 <primary sortas="b-users">users</primary>
1178 </indexterm>
1179 </listitem>
1180 </varlistentry>
1181
1182 <varlistentry id="vdir">
1183 <term><command>vdir</command></term>
1184 <listitem>
1185 <para>Is the same as <command>ls -l</command></para>
1186 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils vdir">
1187 <primary sortas="b-vdir">vdir</primary>
1188 </indexterm>
1189 </listitem>
1190 </varlistentry>
1191
1192 <varlistentry id="wc">
1193 <term><command>wc</command></term>
1194 <listitem>
1195 <para>Reports the number of lines, words, and bytes for each given
1196 file, as well as a total line when more than one file is given</para>
1197 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils wc">
1198 <primary sortas="b-wc">wc</primary>
1199 </indexterm>
1200 </listitem>
1201 </varlistentry>
1202
1203 <varlistentry id="who">
1204 <term><command>who</command></term>
1205 <listitem>
1206 <para>Reports who is logged on</para>
1207 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils who">
1208 <primary sortas="b-who">who</primary>
1209 </indexterm>
1210 </listitem>
1211 </varlistentry>
1212
1213 <varlistentry id="whoami">
1214 <term><command>whoami</command></term>
1215 <listitem>
1216 <para>Reports the user name associated with the current effective
1217 user ID</para>
1218 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils whoami">
1219 <primary sortas="b-whoami">whoami</primary>
1220 </indexterm>
1221 </listitem>
1222 </varlistentry>
1223
1224 <varlistentry id="yes">
1225 <term><command>yes</command></term>
1226 <listitem>
1227 <para>Repeatedly outputs <quote>y</quote> or a given string until
1228 killed</para>
1229 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils yes">
1230 <primary sortas="b-yes">yes</primary>
1231 </indexterm>
1232 </listitem>
1233 </varlistentry>
1234
[9d42ad9]1235 <varlistentry id="libstdbuf">
[afba93b]1236 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdbuf</filename></term>
[9d42ad9]1237 <listitem>
1238 <para>Library used by <command>stdbuf</command></para>
1239 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils libstdbuf">
[afba93b]1240 <primary sortas="c-libstdbuf">libstdbuf</primary>
[9d42ad9]1241 </indexterm>
1242 </listitem>
1243 </varlistentry>
1244
[8ef8304]1245 </variablelist>
1246
1247 </sect2>
[673b0d8]1248
1249</sect1>
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