[673b0d8] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[1770019] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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[673b0d8] | 3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 4 | %general-entities;
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| 5 | ]>
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[81fd230] | 6 | <sect1 id="ch-system-coreutils" role="wrap">
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[673b0d8] | 7 | <title>Coreutils-&coreutils-version;</title>
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| 8 | <?dbhtml filename="coreutils.html"?>
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| 9 |
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| 10 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils"><primary sortas="a-Coreutils">Coreutils</primary></indexterm>
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[bc82645e] | 11 |
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[a001133] | 12 | <sect2 role="package"><title/>
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[81fd230] | 13 | <para>The Coreutils package contains utilities for showing and setting the
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| 14 | basic system characteristics.</para>
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[5888299] | 15 |
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[a001133] | 16 | <segmentedlist>
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| 17 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 18 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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[eb6d9eb] | 19 | <seglistitem><seg>0.9 SBU</seg><seg>52.8 MB</seg></seglistitem>
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[a001133] | 20 | </segmentedlist>
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[673b0d8] | 21 |
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[81fd230] | 22 | <segmentedlist>
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[45992ae] | 23 | <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
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[81fd230] | 24 | <seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC,
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| 25 | Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Perl, and Sed</seg></seglistitem>
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| 26 | </segmentedlist>
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[a001133] | 27 | </sect2>
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[cd8e54e] | 28 |
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[a001133] | 29 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[73aedd1d] | 30 | <title>Installation of Coreutils</title>
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| 31 |
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[81fd230] | 32 | <para>A known issue with the <command>uname</command> program from
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| 33 | this package is that the <parameter>-p</parameter> switch always
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| 34 | returns <computeroutput>unknown</computeroutput>. The following patch
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| 35 | fixes this behavior for Intel architectures:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 36 |
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[3e36a78] | 37 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-uname-patch;</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 38 |
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[37cfbc5] | 39 | <para>Prevent Coreutils from installing binaries that will be installed by
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| 40 | other packages later:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 41 |
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[3e36a78] | 42 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-suppress-patch;</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 43 |
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[fa21b3d] | 44 | <para>POSIX requires that programs from Coreutils recognize character
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| 45 | boundaries correctly even in multibyte locales. The following patch
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| 46 | fixes this non-compliance and other internationalization-related bugs:</para>
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| 47 |
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| 48 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-i18n-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 49 |
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| 50 | <para>In order for the tests added by this patch to pass, the permissions for
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| 51 | the test file have to be changed:</para>
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| 52 |
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| 53 | <screen><userinput>chmod +x tests/sort/sort-mb-tests</userinput></screen>
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| 54 |
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| 55 | <note><para>In the past, many bugs were found in this patch. When reporting
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| 56 | new bugs to Coreutils maintainers, please check first if they are reproducible
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| 57 | without this patch.</para></note>
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| 58 |
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| 59 | <para>It has been found that translated messages sometimes overflow a buffer
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| 60 | in the <command>who -Hu</command> command. Increase the buffer size:</para>
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| 61 |
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| 62 | <screen><userinput>sed -i 's/_LEN 6/_LEN 20/' src/who.c</userinput></screen>
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| 63 |
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[73aedd1d] | 64 | <para>Now prepare Coreutils for compilation:</para>
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| 65 |
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[6b59895] | 66 | <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 67 |
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| 68 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 69 |
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| 70 | <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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| 71 |
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[e5846ef] | 72 | <para>The test suite of Coreutils makes several assumptions about the presence
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| 73 | of system users and groups that are not valid within the minimal environment
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| 74 | that exists at the moment. Therefore, additional items need to be set up before
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| 75 | running the tests. Skip down to <quote>Install the package</quote> if not
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| 76 | running the test suite.</para>
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[81fd230] | 77 |
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[bc2136e] | 78 | <para>Create two dummy groups and a dummy user:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 79 |
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[b722955] | 80 | <screen><userinput>echo "dummy1:x:1000:" >> /etc/group
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[cd0c92d6] | 81 | echo "dummy2:x:1001:dummy" >> /etc/group
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[6b59895] | 82 | echo "dummy:x:1000:1000::/root:/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 83 |
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[81fd230] | 84 | <para>Now the test suite is ready to be run. First, run the tests that
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| 85 | are meant to be run as user <emphasis>root</emphasis>:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 86 |
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[1ba4207] | 87 | <screen><userinput>make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=dummy check-root</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 88 |
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[81fd230] | 89 | <para>Then run the remainder of the tests as the
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| 90 | <emphasis>dummy</emphasis> user:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 91 |
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[ac55dee] | 92 | <screen><userinput>src/su dummy -c "make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 93 |
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[81fd230] | 94 | <para>When testing is complete, remove the dummy user and
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| 95 | groups:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 96 |
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[8dffa04] | 97 | <screen><userinput>sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/passwd /etc/group</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 98 |
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| 99 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 100 |
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| 101 | <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 102 |
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[b2c8a77] | 103 | <para>Move programs to the locations specified by the FHS:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 104 |
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[5998892] | 105 | <screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date,dd,df,echo} /bin
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| 106 | mv -v /usr/bin/{false,hostname,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,rm} /bin
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| 107 | mv -v /usr/bin/{rmdir,stty,sync,true,uname} /bin
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| 108 | mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 109 |
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[b2c8a77] | 110 | <para>Some of the scripts in the LFS-Bootscripts package depend on
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| 111 | <command>head</command> and <command>sleep</command>. As
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| 112 | <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> may not be available during the
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| 113 | early stages of booting, those binaries need to be on the root partition:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 114 |
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[5998892] | 115 | <screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/{head,sleep} /bin</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 116 |
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| 117 | </sect2>
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[bc82645e] | 118 |
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[5888299] | 119 |
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[c6cb3aa] | 120 | <sect2 id="contents-coreutils" role="content"><title>Contents of Coreutils</title>
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[673b0d8] | 121 |
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[81fd230] | 122 | <segmentedlist>
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| 123 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 124 | <seglistitem><seg>basename, cat, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot, cksum,
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| 125 | comm, cp, csplit, cut, date, dd, df, dir, dircolors, dirname, du,
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| 126 | echo, env, expand, expr, factor, false, fmt, fold, groups, head,
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| 127 | hostid, hostname, id, install, join, link, ln, logname, ls, md5sum,
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| 128 | mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, mv, nice, nl, nohup, od, paste, pathchk, pinky,
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| 129 | pr, printenv, printf, ptx, pwd, readlink, rm, rmdir, seq, sha1sum,
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| 130 | shred, sleep, sort, split, stat, stty, sum, sync, tac, tail, tee,
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| 131 | test, touch, tr, true, tsort, tty, uname, unexpand, uniq, unlink,
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| 132 | users, vdir, wc, who, whoami, and yes</seg></seglistitem>
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| 133 | </segmentedlist>
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| 134 |
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| 135 | <variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 136 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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[8f97096] | 137 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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[81fd230] | 138 |
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| 139 | <varlistentry id="basename">
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| 140 | <term><command>basename</command></term>
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| 141 | <listitem>
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| 142 | <para>Strips any path and a given suffix from a file name</para>
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| 143 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils basename"><primary sortas="b-basename">basename</primary></indexterm>
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| 144 | </listitem>
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| 145 | </varlistentry>
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| 146 |
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| 147 | <varlistentry id="cat">
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| 148 | <term><command>cat</command></term>
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| 149 | <listitem>
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| 150 | <para>Concatenates files to standard output</para>
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| 151 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cat"><primary sortas="b-cat">cat</primary></indexterm>
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| 152 | </listitem>
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| 153 | </varlistentry>
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| 154 |
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| 155 | <varlistentry id="chgrp">
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| 156 | <term><command>chgrp</command></term>
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| 157 | <listitem>
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[b2d59c8] | 158 | <para>Changes the group ownership of files and directories</para>
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[81fd230] | 159 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chgrp"><primary sortas="b-chgrp">chgrp</primary></indexterm>
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| 160 | </listitem>
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| 161 | </varlistentry>
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| 162 |
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| 163 | <varlistentry id="chmod">
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| 164 | <term><command>chmod</command></term>
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| 165 | <listitem>
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| 166 | <para>Changes the permissions of each file to the given mode; the mode
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| 167 | can be either a symbolic representation of the changes to make or an
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| 168 | octal number representing the new permissions</para>
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| 169 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chmod"><primary sortas="b-chmod">chmod</primary></indexterm>
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| 170 | </listitem>
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| 171 | </varlistentry>
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| 172 |
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| 173 | <varlistentry id="chown">
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| 174 | <term><command>chown</command></term>
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| 175 | <listitem>
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[b2d59c8] | 176 | <para>Changes the user and/or group ownership of files and directories</para>
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[81fd230] | 177 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chown"><primary sortas="b-chown">chown</primary></indexterm>
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| 178 | </listitem>
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| 179 | </varlistentry>
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| 180 |
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| 181 | <varlistentry id="chroot">
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| 182 | <term><command>chroot</command></term>
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| 183 | <listitem>
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| 184 | <para>Runs a command with the specified directory as the
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| 185 | <filename class="directory">/</filename> directory</para>
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| 186 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chroot"><primary sortas="b-chroot">chroot</primary></indexterm>
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| 187 | </listitem>
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| 188 | </varlistentry>
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| 189 |
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| 190 | <varlistentry id="cksum">
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| 191 | <term><command>cksum</command></term>
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| 192 | <listitem>
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| 193 | <para>Prints the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) checksum and the byte
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| 194 | counts of each specified file</para>
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| 195 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cksum"><primary sortas="b-cksum">cksum</primary></indexterm>
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| 196 | </listitem>
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| 197 | </varlistentry>
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| 198 |
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| 199 | <varlistentry id="comm">
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| 200 | <term><command>comm</command></term>
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| 201 | <listitem>
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| 202 | <para>Compares two sorted files, outputting in three columns the lines
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| 203 | that are unique and the lines that are common</para>
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| 204 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils comm"><primary sortas="b-comm">comm</primary></indexterm>
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| 205 | </listitem>
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| 206 | </varlistentry>
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| 207 |
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| 208 | <varlistentry id="cp">
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| 209 | <term><command>cp</command></term>
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| 210 | <listitem>
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| 211 | <para>Copies files</para>
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| 212 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cp"><primary sortas="b-cp">cp</primary></indexterm>
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| 213 | </listitem>
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| 214 | </varlistentry>
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| 215 |
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| 216 | <varlistentry id="csplit">
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| 217 | <term><command>csplit</command></term>
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| 218 | <listitem>
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| 219 | <para>Splits a given file into several new files, separating them
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| 220 | according to given patterns or line numbers and outputting the byte
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| 221 | count of each new file</para>
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| 222 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils csplit"><primary sortas="b-csplit">csplit</primary></indexterm>
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| 223 | </listitem>
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| 224 | </varlistentry>
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| 225 |
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| 226 | <varlistentry id="cut">
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| 227 | <term><command>cut</command></term>
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| 228 | <listitem>
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| 229 | <para>Prints sections of lines, selecting the parts according to given
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| 230 | fields or positions</para>
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| 231 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cut"><primary sortas="b-cut">cut</primary></indexterm>
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| 232 | </listitem>
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| 233 | </varlistentry>
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| 234 |
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| 235 | <varlistentry id="date">
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| 236 | <term><command>date</command></term>
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| 237 | <listitem>
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| 238 | <para>Displays the current time in the given format, or sets the
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| 239 | system date</para>
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| 240 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils date"><primary sortas="b-date">date</primary></indexterm>
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| 241 | </listitem>
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| 242 | </varlistentry>
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| 243 |
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| 244 | <varlistentry id="dd">
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| 245 | <term><command>dd</command> </term>
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| 246 | <listitem>
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| 247 | <para>Copies a file using the given block size and count, while
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| 248 | optionally performing conversions on it</para>
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| 249 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dd"><primary sortas="b-dd">dd</primary></indexterm>
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| 250 | </listitem>
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| 251 | </varlistentry>
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| 252 |
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| 253 | <varlistentry id="df">
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| 254 | <term><command>df</command></term>
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| 255 | <listitem>
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| 256 | <para>Reports the amount of disk space available (and used) on all
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| 257 | mounted file systems, or only on the file systems holding the selected
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| 258 | files</para>
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| 259 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils df"><primary sortas="b-df">df</primary></indexterm>
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| 260 | </listitem>
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| 261 | </varlistentry>
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| 262 |
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| 263 | <varlistentry id="dir">
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| 264 | <term><command>dir</command></term>
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| 265 | <listitem>
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| 266 | <para>Lists the contents of each given directory (the same as
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| 267 | the <command>ls</command> command)</para>
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| 268 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dir"><primary sortas="b-dir">dir</primary></indexterm>
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| 269 | </listitem>
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| 270 | </varlistentry>
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| 271 |
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| 272 | <varlistentry id="dircolors">
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| 273 | <term><command>dircolors</command></term>
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| 274 | <listitem>
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| 275 | <para>Outputs commands to set the <envar>LS_COLOR</envar>
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| 276 | environment variable to change the color scheme used by
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| 277 | <command>ls</command></para>
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| 278 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dircolors"><primary sortas="b-dircolors">dircolors</primary></indexterm>
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| 279 | </listitem>
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| 280 | </varlistentry>
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| 281 |
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| 282 | <varlistentry id="dirname">
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| 283 | <term><command>dirname</command></term>
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| 284 | <listitem>
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| 285 | <para>Strips the non-directory suffix from a file name</para>
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| 286 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dirname"><primary sortas="b-dirname">dirname</primary></indexterm>
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| 287 | </listitem>
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| 288 | </varlistentry>
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| 289 |
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| 290 | <varlistentry id="du">
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| 291 | <term><command>du</command></term>
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| 292 | <listitem>
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| 293 | <para>Reports the amount of disk space used by the current directory,
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| 294 | by each of the given directories (including all subdirectories) or by
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| 295 | each of the given files</para>
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| 296 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils du"><primary sortas="b-du">du</primary></indexterm>
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| 297 | </listitem>
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| 298 | </varlistentry>
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| 299 |
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| 300 | <varlistentry id="echo">
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| 301 | <term><command>echo</command></term>
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| 302 | <listitem>
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| 303 | <para>Displays the given strings</para>
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| 304 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils echo"><primary sortas="b-echo">echo</primary></indexterm>
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| 305 | </listitem>
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| 306 | </varlistentry>
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| 307 |
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| 308 | <varlistentry id="env">
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| 309 | <term><command>env</command></term>
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| 310 | <listitem>
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| 311 | <para>Runs a command in a modified environment</para>
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| 312 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils env"><primary sortas="b-env">env</primary></indexterm>
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| 313 | </listitem>
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| 314 | </varlistentry>
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| 315 |
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| 316 | <varlistentry id="expand">
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| 317 | <term><command>expand</command></term>
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| 318 | <listitem>
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| 319 | <para>Converts tabs to spaces</para>
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| 320 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expand"><primary sortas="b-expand">expand</primary></indexterm>
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| 321 | </listitem>
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| 322 | </varlistentry>
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| 323 |
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| 324 | <varlistentry id="expr">
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| 325 | <term><command>expr</command></term>
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| 326 | <listitem>
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| 327 | <para>Evaluates expressions</para>
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| 328 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expr"><primary sortas="b-expr">expr</primary></indexterm>
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| 329 | </listitem>
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| 330 | </varlistentry>
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| 331 |
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| 332 | <varlistentry id="factor">
|
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| 333 | <term><command>factor</command></term>
|
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| 334 | <listitem>
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| 335 | <para>Prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers</para>
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| 336 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils factor"><primary sortas="b-factor">factor</primary></indexterm>
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| 337 | </listitem>
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| 338 | </varlistentry>
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| 339 |
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| 340 | <varlistentry id="false">
|
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| 341 | <term><command>false</command></term>
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| 342 | <listitem>
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| 343 | <para>Does nothing, unsuccessfully; it always exits with a status code
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| 344 | indicating failure</para>
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| 345 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils false"><primary sortas="b-false">false</primary></indexterm>
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| 346 | </listitem>
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| 347 | </varlistentry>
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| 348 |
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| 349 | <varlistentry id="fmt">
|
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| 350 | <term><command>fmt</command></term>
|
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| 351 | <listitem>
|
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| 352 | <para>Reformats the paragraphs in the given files</para>
|
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| 353 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fmt"><primary sortas="b-fmt">fmt</primary></indexterm>
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| 354 | </listitem>
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| 355 | </varlistentry>
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| 356 |
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| 357 | <varlistentry id="fold">
|
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| 358 | <term><command>fold</command></term>
|
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| 359 | <listitem>
|
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| 360 | <para>Wraps the lines in the given files</para>
|
---|
| 361 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fold"><primary sortas="b-fold">fold</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 362 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 363 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 364 |
|
---|
[0aaf02b7] | 365 | <varlistentry id="groups">
|
---|
[81fd230] | 366 | <term><command>groups</command></term>
|
---|
| 367 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 368 | <para>Reports a user's group memberships</para>
|
---|
[0aaf02b7] | 369 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils groups"><primary sortas="b-groups">groups</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
[81fd230] | 370 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 371 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 372 |
|
---|
| 373 | <varlistentry id="head">
|
---|
| 374 | <term><command>head</command></term>
|
---|
| 375 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 376 | <para>Prints the first ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each given file</para>
|
---|
| 377 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils head"><primary sortas="b-head">head</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 378 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 379 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 380 |
|
---|
| 381 | <varlistentry id="hostid">
|
---|
| 382 | <term><command>hostid</command></term>
|
---|
| 383 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 384 | <para>Reports the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) of the host</para>
|
---|
| 385 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostid"><primary sortas="b-hostid">hostid</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 386 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 387 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 388 |
|
---|
| 389 | <varlistentry id="hostname">
|
---|
| 390 | <term><command>hostname</command></term>
|
---|
| 391 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 392 | <para>Reports or sets the name of the host</para>
|
---|
| 393 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostname"><primary sortas="b-hostname">hostname</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 394 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 395 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 396 |
|
---|
| 397 | <varlistentry id="id">
|
---|
| 398 | <term><command>id</command></term>
|
---|
| 399 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 400 | <para>Reports the effective user ID, group ID, and
|
---|
| 401 | group memberships of the current user or specified user</para>
|
---|
| 402 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils id"><primary sortas="b-id">id</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 403 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 404 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 405 |
|
---|
| 406 | <varlistentry id="install">
|
---|
| 407 | <term><command>install</command> </term>
|
---|
| 408 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 409 | <para>Copies files while setting their
|
---|
| 410 | permission modes and, if possible, their owner and group</para>
|
---|
| 411 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils install"><primary sortas="b-install">install</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 412 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 413 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 414 |
|
---|
| 415 | <varlistentry id="join">
|
---|
| 416 | <term><command>join</command></term>
|
---|
| 417 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 418 | <para>Joins the lines that have identical join fields from two
|
---|
| 419 | separate files</para>
|
---|
| 420 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils join"><primary sortas="b-join">join</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 421 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 422 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 423 |
|
---|
| 424 | <varlistentry id="link">
|
---|
| 425 | <term><command>link</command></term>
|
---|
| 426 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 427 | <para>Creates a hard link with the given name to a file</para>
|
---|
| 428 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils link"><primary sortas="b-link">link</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 429 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 430 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 431 |
|
---|
| 432 | <varlistentry id="ln">
|
---|
| 433 | <term><command>ln</command></term>
|
---|
| 434 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 435 | <para>Makes hard links or soft (symbolic) links between files</para>
|
---|
| 436 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ln"><primary sortas="b-ln">ln</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 437 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 438 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 439 |
|
---|
| 440 | <varlistentry id="logname">
|
---|
| 441 | <term><command>logname</command></term>
|
---|
| 442 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 443 | <para>Reports the current user's login name</para>
|
---|
| 444 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils logname"><primary sortas="b-logname">logname</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 445 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 446 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 447 |
|
---|
| 448 | <varlistentry id="ls">
|
---|
| 449 | <term><command>ls</command></term>
|
---|
| 450 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 451 | <para>Lists the contents of each given directory</para>
|
---|
| 452 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ls"><primary sortas="b-ls">ls</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 453 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 454 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 455 |
|
---|
| 456 | <varlistentry id="md5sum">
|
---|
| 457 | <term><command>md5sum</command></term>
|
---|
| 458 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 459 | <para>Reports or checks Message Digest 5 (MD5) checksums</para>
|
---|
| 460 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils md5sum"><primary sortas="b-md5sum">md5sum</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 461 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 462 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 463 |
|
---|
| 464 | <varlistentry id="mkdir">
|
---|
| 465 | <term><command>mkdir</command></term>
|
---|
| 466 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 467 | <para>Creates directories with the given names</para>
|
---|
| 468 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkdir"><primary sortas="b-mkdir">mkdir</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 469 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 470 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 471 |
|
---|
| 472 | <varlistentry id="mkfifo">
|
---|
| 473 | <term><command>mkfifo</command></term>
|
---|
| 474 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 475 | <para>Creates First-In, First-Outs (FIFOs), a <quote>named
|
---|
| 476 | pipe</quote> in UNIX parlance, with the given names</para>
|
---|
| 477 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkfifo"><primary sortas="b-mkfifo">mkfifo</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 478 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 479 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 480 |
|
---|
| 481 | <varlistentry id="mknod">
|
---|
| 482 | <term><command>mknod</command></term>
|
---|
| 483 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 484 | <para>Creates device nodes with the given names; a device node is a
|
---|
| 485 | character special file, a block special file, or a FIFO</para>
|
---|
| 486 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mknod"><primary sortas="b-mknod">mknod</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 487 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 488 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 489 |
|
---|
| 490 | <varlistentry id="mv">
|
---|
| 491 | <term><command>mv</command></term>
|
---|
| 492 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 493 | <para>Moves or renames files or directories</para>
|
---|
| 494 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mv"><primary sortas="b-mv">mv</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 495 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 496 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 497 |
|
---|
| 498 | <varlistentry id="nice">
|
---|
| 499 | <term><command>nice</command></term>
|
---|
| 500 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 501 | <para>Runs a program with modified scheduling priority</para>
|
---|
| 502 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nice"><primary sortas="b-nice">nice</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 503 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 504 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 505 |
|
---|
| 506 | <varlistentry id="nl">
|
---|
| 507 | <term><command>nl</command></term>
|
---|
| 508 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 509 | <para>Numbers the lines from the given files</para>
|
---|
| 510 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nl"><primary sortas="b-nl">nl</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 511 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 512 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 513 |
|
---|
| 514 | <varlistentry id="nohup">
|
---|
| 515 | <term><command>nohup</command></term>
|
---|
| 516 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 517 | <para>Runs a command immune to hangups, with its output redirected to
|
---|
| 518 | a log file</para>
|
---|
| 519 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nohup"><primary sortas="b-nohup">nohup</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 520 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 521 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 522 |
|
---|
| 523 | <varlistentry id="od">
|
---|
| 524 | <term><command>od</command></term>
|
---|
| 525 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 526 | <para>Dumps files in octal and other formats</para>
|
---|
| 527 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils od"><primary sortas="b-od">od</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 528 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 529 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 530 |
|
---|
| 531 | <varlistentry id="paste">
|
---|
| 532 | <term><command>paste</command></term>
|
---|
| 533 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 534 | <para>Merges the given files, joining sequentially corresponding lines
|
---|
| 535 | side by side, separated by tab characters</para>
|
---|
| 536 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils paste"><primary sortas="b-paste">paste</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 537 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 538 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 539 |
|
---|
| 540 | <varlistentry id="pathchk">
|
---|
| 541 | <term><command>pathchk</command></term>
|
---|
| 542 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 543 | <para>Checks if file names are valid or portable</para>
|
---|
| 544 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pathchk"><primary sortas="b-pathchk">pathchk</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 545 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 546 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 547 |
|
---|
| 548 | <varlistentry id="pinky">
|
---|
| 549 | <term><command>pinky</command></term>
|
---|
| 550 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 551 | <para>Is a lightweight finger client; it reports some information about the given users</para>
|
---|
| 552 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pinky"><primary sortas="b-pinky">pinky</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 553 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 554 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 555 |
|
---|
| 556 | <varlistentry id="pr">
|
---|
| 557 | <term><command>pr</command></term>
|
---|
| 558 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 559 | <para>Paginates and columnates files for printing</para>
|
---|
| 560 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pr"><primary sortas="b-pr">pr</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 561 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 562 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 563 |
|
---|
| 564 | <varlistentry id="printenv">
|
---|
| 565 | <term><command>printenv</command></term>
|
---|
| 566 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 567 | <para>Prints the environment</para>
|
---|
| 568 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printenv"><primary sortas="b-printenv">printenv</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 569 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 570 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 571 |
|
---|
| 572 | <varlistentry id="printf">
|
---|
| 573 | <term><command>printf</command></term>
|
---|
| 574 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 575 | <para>Prints the given arguments according to the given format, much
|
---|
| 576 | like the C printf function</para>
|
---|
| 577 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printf"><primary sortas="b-printf">printf</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 578 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 579 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 580 |
|
---|
| 581 | <varlistentry id="ptx">
|
---|
| 582 | <term><command>ptx</command></term>
|
---|
| 583 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 584 | <para>Produces a permuted index from the contents of the given files,
|
---|
| 585 | with each keyword in its context</para>
|
---|
| 586 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ptx"><primary sortas="b-ptx">ptx</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 587 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 588 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 589 |
|
---|
| 590 | <varlistentry id="pwd">
|
---|
| 591 | <term><command>pwd</command></term>
|
---|
| 592 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 593 | <para>Reports the name of the current working directory</para>
|
---|
| 594 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pwd"><primary sortas="b-pwd">pwd</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 595 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 596 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 597 |
|
---|
| 598 | <varlistentry id="readlink">
|
---|
| 599 | <term><command>readlink</command></term>
|
---|
| 600 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 601 | <para>Reports the value of the given symbolic link</para>
|
---|
| 602 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils readlink"><primary sortas="b-readlink">readlink</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 603 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 604 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 605 |
|
---|
| 606 | <varlistentry id="rm">
|
---|
| 607 | <term><command>rm</command></term>
|
---|
| 608 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 609 | <para>Removes files or directories</para>
|
---|
| 610 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rm"><primary sortas="b-rm">rm</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 611 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 612 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 613 |
|
---|
| 614 | <varlistentry id="rmdir">
|
---|
| 615 | <term><command>rmdir</command></term>
|
---|
| 616 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 617 | <para>Removes directories if they are empty</para>
|
---|
| 618 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rmdir"><primary sortas="b-rmdir">rmdir</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 619 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 620 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 621 |
|
---|
| 622 | <varlistentry id="seq">
|
---|
| 623 | <term><command>seq</command></term>
|
---|
| 624 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 625 | <para>Prints a sequence of numbers within a given range and with a
|
---|
| 626 | given increment</para>
|
---|
| 627 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils seq"><primary sortas="b-seq">seq</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 628 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 629 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 630 |
|
---|
| 631 | <varlistentry id="sha1sum">
|
---|
| 632 | <term><command>sha1sum</command></term>
|
---|
| 633 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 634 | <para>Prints or checks 160-bit Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1) checksums</para>
|
---|
| 635 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha1sum"><primary sortas="b-sha1sum">sha1sum</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 636 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 637 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 638 |
|
---|
| 639 | <varlistentry id="shred">
|
---|
| 640 | <term><command>shred</command></term>
|
---|
| 641 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 642 | <para>Overwrites the given files repeatedly with complex patterns,
|
---|
| 643 | making it difficult to recover the data</para>
|
---|
| 644 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shred"><primary sortas="b-shred">shred</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 645 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 646 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 647 |
|
---|
| 648 | <varlistentry id="sleep">
|
---|
| 649 | <term><command>sleep</command></term>
|
---|
| 650 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 651 | <para>Pauses for the given amount of time</para>
|
---|
| 652 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sleep"><primary sortas="b-sleep">sleep</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 653 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 654 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 655 |
|
---|
| 656 | <varlistentry id="sort">
|
---|
| 657 | <term><command>sort</command></term>
|
---|
| 658 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 659 | <para>Sorts the lines from the given files</para>
|
---|
| 660 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sort"><primary sortas="b-sort">sort</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 661 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 662 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 663 |
|
---|
| 664 | <varlistentry id="split">
|
---|
| 665 | <term><command>split</command></term>
|
---|
| 666 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 667 | <para>Splits the given file into pieces, by size or by number of lines</para>
|
---|
| 668 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils split"><primary sortas="b-split">split</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 669 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 670 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 671 |
|
---|
| 672 | <varlistentry id="stat">
|
---|
| 673 | <term><command>stat</command></term>
|
---|
| 674 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 675 | <para>Displays file or filesystem status</para>
|
---|
| 676 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stat"><primary sortas="b-stat">stat</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 677 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 678 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 679 |
|
---|
| 680 | <varlistentry id="stty">
|
---|
| 681 | <term><command>stty</command></term>
|
---|
| 682 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 683 | <para>Sets or reports terminal line settings</para>
|
---|
| 684 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stty"><primary sortas="b-stty">stty</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 685 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 686 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 687 |
|
---|
| 688 | <varlistentry id="sum">
|
---|
| 689 | <term><command>sum</command></term>
|
---|
| 690 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 691 | <para>Prints checksum and block counts for each given file</para>
|
---|
| 692 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sum"><primary sortas="b-sum">sum</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 693 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 694 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 695 |
|
---|
| 696 | <varlistentry id="sync">
|
---|
| 697 | <term><command>sync</command></term>
|
---|
| 698 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 699 | <para>Flushes file system buffers; it forces changed blocks to disk
|
---|
| 700 | and updates the super block</para>
|
---|
| 701 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sync"><primary sortas="b-sync">sync</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 702 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 703 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 704 |
|
---|
| 705 | <varlistentry id="tac">
|
---|
| 706 | <term><command>tac</command></term>
|
---|
| 707 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 708 | <para>Concatenates the given files in reverse</para>
|
---|
| 709 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tac"><primary sortas="b-tac">tac</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 710 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 711 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 712 |
|
---|
| 713 | <varlistentry id="tail">
|
---|
| 714 | <term><command>tail</command></term>
|
---|
| 715 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 716 | <para>Prints the last ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each
|
---|
| 717 | given file</para>
|
---|
| 718 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tail"><primary sortas="b-tail">tail</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 719 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 720 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 721 |
|
---|
| 722 | <varlistentry id="tee">
|
---|
| 723 | <term><command>tee</command></term>
|
---|
| 724 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 725 | <para>Reads from standard input while writing both to standard output
|
---|
| 726 | and to the given files</para>
|
---|
| 727 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tee"><primary sortas="b-tee">tee</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 728 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 729 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 730 |
|
---|
| 731 | <varlistentry id="test">
|
---|
| 732 | <term><command>test</command></term>
|
---|
| 733 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 734 | <para>Compares values and checks file types</para>
|
---|
| 735 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils test"><primary sortas="b-test">test</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 736 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 737 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 738 |
|
---|
| 739 | <varlistentry id="touch">
|
---|
| 740 | <term><command>touch</command></term>
|
---|
| 741 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 742 | <para>Changes file timestamps, setting the access and modification
|
---|
| 743 | times of the given files to the current time; files that do not exist
|
---|
| 744 | are created with zero length</para>
|
---|
| 745 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils touch"><primary sortas="b-touch">touch</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 746 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 747 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 748 |
|
---|
| 749 | <varlistentry id="tr">
|
---|
| 750 | <term><command>tr</command></term>
|
---|
| 751 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 752 | <para>Translates, squeezes, and deletes the given characters from
|
---|
| 753 | standard input</para>
|
---|
| 754 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tr"><primary sortas="b-tr">tr</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 755 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 756 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 757 |
|
---|
| 758 | <varlistentry id="true">
|
---|
| 759 | <term><command>true</command></term>
|
---|
| 760 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 761 | <para>Does nothing, successfully; it always exits with a status code
|
---|
| 762 | indicating success</para>
|
---|
| 763 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils true"><primary sortas="b-true">true</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 764 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 765 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 766 |
|
---|
| 767 | <varlistentry id="tsort">
|
---|
| 768 | <term><command>tsort</command></term>
|
---|
| 769 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 770 | <para>Performs a topological sort; it writes a completely ordered list
|
---|
| 771 | according to the partial ordering in a given file</para>
|
---|
| 772 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tsort"><primary sortas="b-tsort">tsort</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 773 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 774 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 775 |
|
---|
| 776 | <varlistentry id="tty">
|
---|
| 777 | <term><command>tty</command></term>
|
---|
| 778 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 779 | <para>Reports the file name of the terminal connected to standard
|
---|
| 780 | input</para>
|
---|
| 781 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tty"><primary sortas="b-tty">tty</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 782 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 783 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 784 |
|
---|
| 785 | <varlistentry id="uname">
|
---|
| 786 | <term><command>uname</command></term>
|
---|
| 787 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 788 | <para>Reports system information</para>
|
---|
| 789 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uname"><primary sortas="b-uname">uname</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 790 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 791 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 792 |
|
---|
| 793 | <varlistentry id="unexpand">
|
---|
| 794 | <term><command>unexpand</command></term>
|
---|
| 795 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 796 | <para>Converts spaces to tabs</para>
|
---|
| 797 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unexpand"><primary sortas="b-unexpand">unexpand</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 798 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 799 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 800 |
|
---|
| 801 | <varlistentry id="uniq">
|
---|
| 802 | <term><command>uniq</command></term>
|
---|
| 803 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 804 | <para>Discards all but one of successive identical lines</para>
|
---|
[005dc3f] | 805 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uniq"><primary sortas="b-uniq">uniq</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
[81fd230] | 806 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 807 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 808 |
|
---|
| 809 | <varlistentry id="unlink">
|
---|
| 810 | <term><command>unlink</command></term>
|
---|
| 811 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 812 | <para>Removes the given file</para>
|
---|
| 813 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unlink"><primary sortas="b-unlink">unlink</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 814 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 815 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 816 |
|
---|
| 817 | <varlistentry id="users">
|
---|
| 818 | <term><command>users</command></term>
|
---|
| 819 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 820 | <para>Reports the names of the users currently logged on</para>
|
---|
| 821 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils users"><primary sortas="b-users">users</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 822 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 823 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 824 |
|
---|
| 825 | <varlistentry id="vdir">
|
---|
| 826 | <term><command>vdir</command></term>
|
---|
| 827 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 828 | <para>Is the same as <command>ls -l</command></para>
|
---|
| 829 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils vdir"><primary sortas="b-vdir">vdir</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 830 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 831 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 832 |
|
---|
| 833 | <varlistentry id="wc">
|
---|
| 834 | <term><command>wc</command></term>
|
---|
| 835 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 836 | <para>Reports the number of lines, words, and bytes for each given
|
---|
| 837 | file, as well as a total line when more than one file is given</para>
|
---|
| 838 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils wc"><primary sortas="b-wc">wc</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 839 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 840 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 841 |
|
---|
| 842 | <varlistentry id="who">
|
---|
| 843 | <term><command>who</command></term>
|
---|
| 844 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 845 | <para>Reports who is logged on</para>
|
---|
| 846 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils who"><primary sortas="b-who">who</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 847 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 848 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 849 |
|
---|
| 850 | <varlistentry id="whoami">
|
---|
| 851 | <term><command>whoami</command></term>
|
---|
| 852 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 853 | <para>Reports the user name associated with the current effective user ID</para>
|
---|
| 854 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils whoami"><primary sortas="b-whoami">whoami</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 855 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 856 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 857 |
|
---|
| 858 | <varlistentry id="yes">
|
---|
| 859 | <term><command>yes</command></term>
|
---|
| 860 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 861 | <para>Repeatedly outputs <quote>y</quote> or a given string until
|
---|
| 862 | killed</para>
|
---|
| 863 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils yes"><primary sortas="b-yes">yes</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
| 864 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 865 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 866 | </variablelist>
|
---|
[673b0d8] | 867 |
|
---|
| 868 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 869 |
|
---|
| 870 | </sect1>
|
---|
[81fd230] | 871 |
|
---|